U2- Motivation And Leadership Flashcards
Name the 3 theorists in this course
Maslow
Herzberg
McGregor
What was Herzberg famous for?
For promoting the theory of job enrichment and developing the motivator- hygiene theory (also known as the 2 factor theory of job satisfaction)
What is Herzbergs theory?
People are influenced by 2 factors
The idea is that hygiene factors will not motivate but if they are not there then they can lower motivation
Motivational factors will not necessarily lower motivation but can be responsible for increasing motivation
In addition to his theory what else did Herzberg suggest?
Employees respond positively to greater responsibility and recognition
It is the responsibility of managers to provide positive feedback, such as greater responsibilities and to ensure hygiene factors are in place
Name 6 of Herzbergs motivators
Achievement
Challenging work
Promotion prospects
Recognition
Responsibility
Target setting
Name 6 of Herzbergs hygiene factors
Company policies
Fair pay
Interpersonal relationships
Security
Working conditions
Working machinery
What was McGregor famous for?
His work on the theories of management and motivation is closely related to Maslow and Herzberg
He is famous for theory X and theory Y
How has McGregors theory been applied to modern business?
Theory Y forms the basis of Total Quality Management and this has become widely implemented across the world in different types of businesses
What did McGregor believe?
That Theory Y would lead to greater worker motivation
He believed that Theory X was unrealistic in its assumption that authority was the main means of control
He acknowledged that the employee behaviour in many organisations reflected theory X
Theory Y is a more positive starting point as the assumption here is that employees are motivated and enjoy their work
Give 4 examples of theory X and their opposites from theory Y
Management assumes employees are lazy and lack ambition- assumes employees are motivated and enjoy their work
Managers need to lead and control with a high degree of supervision- management believes that employees are active and will engage with change
Managers hold the belief that workers work for money and nothing else- self management is encouraged
Blame culture may be evident- effective teams are encouraged as well as interdisciplinary working
What is leadership?
It is usually directed towards the ability of those in a position of influence and their ability to influence those in their control in order to achieve organisational objectives
A good leader is not always a good manager
Give 7 roles of managers
Administrates
Follows procedures
Has subordinates
Does things right
Relies on discipline and control
Deals with complex issues
May be operational and/ or strategic
Give 9 roles of leaders
Innovates
Instigates change
Challenges the norm
Focuses on vision
Is strategic
Has followers
Encourages trust and empowers individuals
Focuses on people
Does the right thing
What are the 3 different leadership styles?
Autocratic
Democratic/ participative
Laissez- faire
Give 3 characteristics of autocratic leadership
Linked to McGregors theory X
The leader has absolute authority and no consultation with subordinates
Obedience is expected without question
