U2 L3 Flashcards
What is a bony landmark?
A depression or projection on the surface of the bone that serves as a guide to the location of other structures
Bony landmarks generally serve as attachment points for muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves.
What are the two types of bone markings?
Projections and depressions
Projections are sites of attachment, while depressions allow for passage of vessels and articulation of joints.
What is a condyle?
A smooth, rounded prominence at the end of a bone that articulates with the next bone
Condyles form joints.
What is an epicondyle?
A rough, small projection on or upon a condyle that serves as an attachment for muscles or ligaments.
Define a process in the context of bone anatomy.
Bones that stick out from the main body of the bone; serve as attachment sites.
What is a spinous process?
A sharp, pointed slender projection off the posterior of each vertebra; serves as an attachment site.
What is a trochanter?
An anatomical part of the femur; points at which hip and thigh muscles attach; broad processes.
What is a tuberosity?
Large, broader prominences that serve as attachment sites for muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
What is a tubercle?
Smaller, pointy prominences used interchangeably with tuberosities.
What is a line in bone anatomy?
A narrow, low ridge of bone.
What is a crest in bone anatomy?
A narrow, prominent ridge of bone.
Define fossa.
A shallow, elongated depression in a bone.
What is a fovea?
A small pit within a bone.
What is a groove in bone anatomy?
An indentation on bone.
What is a foramen?
A hollow, bony archway through which the spinal cord passes.
What is a meatus?
A passage or opening leading to the interior of the body.
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7 vertebrae.
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12 vertebrae.
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5 vertebrae.
What are the names of the first two cervical vertebrae?
C1: Atlas, C2: Axis.
What movement do the Atlas and Axis facilitate together?
Neck flexion and head rotation.
How many sets of ribs do humans have?
12 sets of ribs (24 total).
What are true ribs?
Ribs 1 to 7 that are connected to the sternum directly by their costal cartilage.
What are false ribs?
Ribs 8 to 10 that attach indirectly to the sternum by attaching to the 7th costal cartilage.
