U1.3 - Nature of Ethics Flashcards
Identify the term:
concerned with the underlying causes and meaning of reality, including our existence and actions or human conduct
philosophy
Enumerate:
areas or branches of philosophy
- metaphysics - study of reality
- logic - study of correct thinking
- epistemology - study of knowledge
- ethics - study of the morality of human conduct
Identify the term:
concerned with the question whether a human action is good or bad, right or wrong, moral or immoral
ethics
Why is being ethical equated with being moral?
The term “ethics” is commonly used synonymously with “morals” or morality.
Differentiate:
being moral
being ethical
Being moral - usually associated with one value system and the desire to be good
Being ethical- has something to do with following certain rules or guidelines
Enumerate:
3 kinds of love
- eros
- philo/ philia
- agape
Define:
1. eros
2. philo/ philia
3. agape
- eros - selfish love, sensual desire, what is good for oneself
- philo/ philia - love addressed to a person/ friend, seeks reprocity
- agape - unconditional love (ex. love of parent to child)
Identify the philosopher:
started philosophy
Pythagoras
Identify the term:
encourages realization; gained through experiences
wisdom
Identify the term:
an idea which is driven to do something good
moral precept
Identify the term:
a set of rules that defines allowable actions or correct behavior
ethical code
T/F:
Correct behavior is always the good behavior.
False;
not always
Identify the terms:
refer to the act or behavior, although they have different references
both the terms “ethical” or “moral”
Identify the term:
refers only to human acts, that is, actions which proceed from man’s rationality
morality
Enumerate:
Morality includes actions that are done with?
- knowledge
- freedom
- voluntariness
Identify the term:
actions which do not have a rational character
amoral
T/F:
Amoral actions can be judged as morally good or morally evil.
False;
cannot be judged as…
Identify the term:
proceed from reason, knowledge, and freedom, voluntary
(moral or immoral)
human acts
Identify the term:
does not proceed from reason or knowledge (amoral)
acts of man
Identify the concept:
If human actions are to be judged whether morally good or morally evil, then there must be something by which actions could be measured as good or evil.
norm or standard of morality
Identify the term:
deals with the norms or codes governing our conduct or act
moral philosophy or ethics
Identify the term:
serves as a guide in determining what is good and right or bad and wrong
moral philosophy or ethics
Identify the term:
deals with the issue of whether an action is good or bad and the reasons why a particular action is good or bad
moral philosophy or ethics
Identify the term:
__________ as a philosophy is the attempt to achieve a systematic understanding of the nature of morality and what it requires of us - how we ought to live and why
ethics
Identify the term:
acts that are ethically neutral which means that they do not have a moral value or sense
amoral
T/F:
Some people can also be called amoral if they are indifferent to morality or the sense of right and wrong.
True
Identify the term:
some aspects of reality that are simply out of the realm of morality
nonmoral
T/F:
Inanimate objects are nonmoral but our use of them can be moral or immoral.
True
Differentiate:
morals
manners or etiquette
morals - whether act is right or wrong in the moral sense
manners/ etiquette - whether the act is socially acceptable
T/F:
Morality can be considered as having a subjective or objective origin based on the origin of value.
True
Enumerate:
3 possibilities for the objective origin of value
- values are given by a supernatural being
- values are part of the fabric of nature
- values are part of the “furniture” of the world, independently of human beings
Enumerate:
Possible explanations for the objective origin of values are expressed in the?
- supernatural theory
- theory of natural law
- objectivism
Identify the term:
As subjective, the origin of value is related to _________ _________.
human beings
T/F:
Without human beings, subjectivist theorists argue, there would be no value.
True
Identify the term:
the moral systems handed down through custom from generation to generation
customary or traditional morality
Identify the term:
requires that moral ideas are carefully examined and tested
reflective morality
other term for customary or traditional morality
static morality
T/F:
Traditional morality can become reflective and dynamic when those moral ideas that are simply handed down and accepted are subjected to analysis and criticism.
True
Enumerate:
areas to which morality may be applied
- religion
- nature
- individuality
- society
T/F:
The rightness or wrongness; or the goodness or badness of an action, is the focal point of morality.
True
Identify the term:
sets standards by which we can measure or judge whether an action is good or bad
morality
T/F:
Many view morality as a repressive institution, a set of rules that society and religion, parents, and the like impose on us to prevent us from living our lives the way we want it to be lived.
True
T/F:
The fact that morality imposes certain “restrictions” makes it repressive.
False;
does not make it repressive
T/F:
The moral wisdom by which we judge an action is not imposed on us by others but by ourselves in so far as we are committed to attaining a kind of life that is well-lived.
True
