U13: Introduction to Bioethics Flashcards
Ethos
Ethics
moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conduct of an activity
Ethics
set of rules that society have to agree about living with other people
Ethics
moral philosophy
Ethics
branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct
Ethics
Bio means?
life
Ethics means?
way of acting
Branch of ethics
Bioethics
Ethics of life
Bioethics
Life of science
Biology
Philosophy
Bioethics
Professional ethics in allied health
Bioethics
Bioethics is often known as?
medical ethics or clinical ethics
Philosophical study of ethical issues
Bioethics
Application of the basic principles of ethics to the new possibilities
Bioethics
Interdisciplinary study of problems brought about by biological and medical progress and its impact in the society and value system
Bioethics
Bioethics is preceded by?
medical ethics
Primary focus of medical ethics , animal ethics, environmental ethics
Bioethics
T/F:
According to the history of bioethics, doctors use their knowledge and power
* to benefit the sick
* do no harm
* preserve life
* keep in strictest confidence any patient information
T
T/F:
After WWII, it became clear that medical ethics was sufficient to meet contemporary challenges.
F;
no longer sufficient
T/F:
We study bioethics to address perennial ethical problems, issues, dilemmas confronting health care workers and their patients.
T
T/F:
We study bioethics to address legal problems in health care with ethical concerns.
T
T/F:
We study bioethics to address the challenges of modern technology.
T
T/F:
We study bioethics to enhance professional development and ethical values of health care professionals.
T
Principle of Bioethics:
freedom of choice
autonomy
Principle of Bioethics:
do no harm
non-maleficence
Principle of Bioethics:
do good
beneficence
Principle of Bioethics:
fairness and equality
justice
T/F:
Principles can overlap and compete with each other for priority.
T
Principle of Bioethics:
Considering patient’s desires within the bounds of accepted treatment
autonomy
Principle of Bioethics:
Involving patients in making decisions
autonomy
Principle of Bioethics:
Considering patients’ needs, desires, and abilities
autonomy
Principle of Bioethics:
Safeguarding patients’ privacy
autonomy
Principle of Bioethics:
Protecting patient from harm
non-maleficence
Principle of Bioethics:
No intentional harm or injury be done on the patient
non-maleficence
Principle of Bioethics:
Knowing one’s own limitations
non-maleficence
Principle of Bioethics:
Knowing when delegation of patients’ care to trainees is appropriate
non-maleficence
Principle of Bioethics:
Service to the patient and the public at large
beneficence
Principle of Bioethics:
Duty to promote patient’s welfare
beneficence
Principle of Bioethics:
Competent and timely delivery of health care
beneficence
Principle of Bioethics:
To always act in the best interest of the patient
beneficence & justice
Principle of Bioethics:
Delivering health care without prejudice nor discrimination
justice
Principle of Bioethics:
Shall not deny service to patients due to race, color, creed, gender, nationality
justice
Principle of Bioethics:
Attend to patients according to need
justice
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
identify and clarify ethical questions
Clinical Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
find ethically acceptable course/s of action
Clinical Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
encourage honest and respectable communication among all patients
Clinical Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
recommend clinically and ethically acceptable solutions
Clinical Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
improve institutional responses to ethical dilemmas
Clinical Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
challenged by the increased collection and use of personal, medical, biological information
Genetics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
privacy and security
Genetics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
challenge on autonomy
Genetics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
Topics on:
* consciousness
* deep brain stimulation
* enhancement in clinical setting
* pain
* death
Clinical Neuroethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
Reproductive justice
Reproductive Ethics
Specific Areas in Bioethics:
Issues on:
* assisted reproduction
* restricting fertility
* abortion
Reproductive Ethics
Examples of assisted reproduction
- Surrogacy
- Genetic manipulation
Examples of restricting fertility
- Sterilization
- Contraception
Bioethical Issue:
premature ending of a pregnancy
Abortion
Bioethical Issue:
issue of intense moral and personal concern on:
* sexuality
* autonomy
* politics
* science
* religion
Abortion
Bioethical Issue:
assisted reproduction; gestational surrogates
Surrogacy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on exploitation of poor women who are desperate for money
Surrogacy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on complication of women’s bodies as commodities
Surrogacy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on the moral and ethical consequences of transforming a normal biological function of a woman’s body into a commercial transaction
Surrogacy
Bioethical Issue:
complete genome
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
allows for early determination of a newborn’s predisposition to certain diseases
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on data and information release
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on identifiability
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on adequacy of consent
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on stereotyping or stigmatization
Whole Genome Screening
Bioethical Issue:
creating a new population of genetically similar organisms
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
reproduction of human cells or tissues
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on individuals as sources of organs
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on human life becoming a commodity
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on safety and efficacy of procedures
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on use for destructive embryonic stem cell
research
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on effects on child/parent relationships
Human Cloning
Bioethical Issue:
embryo as a source of undifferentiated cells
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
use of stem cells to treat diseases
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on medical risks
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on protection of the reproductive interests of women
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on confidentiality of donor information
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on forcing us to choose between preserving the life of the embryo and alleviating pain or suffering
Stem Cell Research and Therapy
Bioethical Issue:
improving the human society or race by selectively
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
aims to reduce human suffering by “breeding out” disease, disabilities and so-called undesirable characteristics from the human population
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on horrible abuses committed in the name of _________ through coercive policies
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on how new genetic knowledge is used
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on confidentiality of donor information
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on social inequality
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on subjectivity of perfection
Eugenics
Bioethical Issue:
good death
Euthanasia
Bioethical Issue:
ending the life of an individual to cease
pain or suffering
Euthanasia
Bioethical Issue:
assisted suicide or mercy-killing
Euthanasia
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on sanctity of life
Euthanasia
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on autonomy and human rights
Euthanasia
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on doctor-patient relationship
Euthanasia
T/F:
Euthanasia prioritizes the dignity of the human person.
F;
fails to see the dignity
T/F:
Euthanasia: Mercy should be extended without inducing death.
T
Bioethical Issue:
reversion of death
Cryonics
Bioethical Issue:
freezing to reanimate
Cryonics
Cryonics:
freezing to reanimate at what temperature?
−196 °C or −320.8 °F
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on autonomy and rights of a person
Cryonics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on right and dignity of the healthcare team
Cryonics
Bioethical Issue:
Issues on non-maleficence
Cryonics