U1 Quiz Flashcards
What is forensic science?
It is the study and application of science to matters of law.
Criminalistics
scientific examination of physical evidence for legal purposes.
Criminology
psychological angles, studying the crime scene for motives, traits, and behavior that will help to interpret the evidence.
Basic Crime Lab Services
Biology Units: Body fluids, DNA, blood, hair, fibers
Optional Crime lab services
Toxicology Unit: Chemicals in and on the body
Polygraph Unit: Lie Detection
Odontology
Identifies remains using teeth and bite marks
Pathology
Reconstructs accidents
Cybertechnology
Computer science in investigations
Engineering
How and why death occured
Anthropology
Understanding of human ways to analyze crime
Psychiatry
Whether a criminal is in the right frame of mine
Entomology
Uses bugs to determine time of death
Locard exchange
When objects come into contact they leave traces on each other
U.S Constitution law
Fundamental Laws
Statutory law
Legislative acts that command or prohibit something
Common law
unwritten laws based on previous cases)
Civil law
private relations getween members of a family in a community
Criminal law
punishment of those who commit crimes
Equity Law
Remedial or preventative (like a restraining order)
Administrative law
Rules established by agencies
Infraction Crime
Petty crime not punishable by jail (not considered a crime)
Misdemeanor
Minor crime, punishable by fines or up to one year in prison (In between infraction and felony)
Felony
Serious crime punishable of one or more years in prison up
to execution. These crimes are tried in the district court nearest to where the crime took place.
Miranda rights
“You have the right to remain silent”
Frye Standard when allowing scientific evidence
It was allowed Into the courtroom if it was generally accepted by the relevant scientific community. The evidence is presented in the trial and the jury decides if it can be used.
Dauber standard allowing scientific evidence
The judge must give the authority to decide if a technique can be admitted into court, but he/she has to base his/her decision off of certain criteria.
3 facets of guilt
Means: person had the ability to do the crime
Motive: Person had a reason to do the crime (not necessary to prove in court of law)
Opportunity: Person can be placed at crime
