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Question 1

category three tracing are due to ?

Answer 1

severe fetal anemia and is defeined as

absent variability and recurrent late decelarations or brady cardia or sinusoidal pattern

Question 2

ovarian hyper stimu;ation can produce what kind of cysts

Answer 2

theca luteal cyts

Question 3

dofference between chronic and preeclamptic and gestational htn

Answer 3

chronic htn is defeicned as bp 140/90 before 20 weeks of gestation

after 20 weeks its defined as gestational htn

and prtein uria plus organ damage is called preeclamptic

Question 4

gestational diabeties values

Answer 4

fasting >95
1hr > 180
2 hr >155
3 hr> 140

Question 5

what are the pathogensis for theca luteal cyts

Answer 5

gestatioal trophoblastic disease

multifetal gestaiton and infertility treatment

Question 6

variable fetal heart rate is due to ?

Answer 6

cord compression
oligohydramnios
cord prolapse

Question 7

describe engorgement ?

Answer 7

bilateral symmetric fullness, tender and warm

Question 8

how long after hyditiform mole should the patient be on contraceptions

Answer 8

6 months

bhcg must not rise and should be udnetectable

Question 9

risk factors for vasa previa ? how to manage ?

Answer 9

placenta previa, ivf, multiple gestattions and succenturiate placental lobe
cesarian

Question 10

what isi the next step in management if fetal part is not palpable in cervix ?

Answer 10

transvaginal ultrasound

Question 11

describe clinical features of postdural puncture headsce and how to manag eit

Answer 11

headsce that gets better when supine, neck stiffness, photophobia, hearing loss
trreat with epidural blood aptch

Question 12

oxytocin can casue what problems in a pregnant patient

Answer 12

can cause hyponatremia –>can lead to seizures

if symtpomts occur stop oxytocin and give hypertonic saline

Question 13

GBS testing done how and when

Answer 13

rectovaginal culture at 36-38 weeks

also check if ruptured for 18hrs

Question 14

why is bed rest not advised in pregnance\y

Answer 14

becasue it leads to thromboembolic events and decreased bone density

Question 15

in what term does pregnancy related cholestasis occur

Answer 15

third trimester

Question 16

cliniical features of intrahepatic cholestatsis of pregnancy

Answer 16

pruritis
third trimester
no rash
RUQ pain

labs show total bile and transmainases elevated

Question 17

managment of cholestasis of rpegancny

Answer 17

ursodeoxycholic acid
37 wekks
antihistmaines

Question 18

clinical features of acute fatty liver of pregnancy

Answer 18

nause vomitingRUQ liver failur
laabs show bili, transminases elevated and thrombocytopenia and DIC
manage by immediate delivery

Question 19

treatment or management in ectopic preganncy in stable vs unstable patient

Answer 19

stable do methotrexate therapy

unstable do surgical exploration

Question 20

what is PPROM? risk factors /managmenet

Answer 20

rupture before 37weeks
risk facotores includes prior Pprom infections and antepartum bleeding
management ->if fetal reasruuing then give cortecosteroid sand latency antibiotics (if <34 weeks)
if <34 weeks and non reassuring then deliver
if >34 weeks then deliver in anycase

Question 21

how to manage fetal demise

Answer 21

greater than 20wekks less than 23 either vaginald elivery or d and E
if greater than 24 then vaginal deliv

Question 22

maternal coplication of short interpregnancy itnerval

Answer 22

<6-18 months between preganncy can lead to maternal anemia, preterm labonr, low birth weight and PPROM

Question 23

unsafe practicies in pregnancy

Answer 23

contact sports
high risk falls
scuba diving
hot yoga

Question 24

causes of oligohydramnios

Answer 24

preeclapmsia -
nsaids
renal anomalies
uteroplacental insuffciency 
abruptio placenta

Question 25

do fibroids keep growi in pregnancy

Answer 25

yes it originally grows as preganncy progresses but the blood supply starts getting cut off due to to diversion to fetus this causes degenration of fibroids and acute pain tha resemble contractiosn

Question 26

what lenggth cervix is an indication for cerclage

Answer 26

3.5cm

Question 27

what lab values are you lookng fro in hyeperemesis gravidarum

Answer 27

ketonuria
hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
hypokalemia
hemoconcentration

Question 28

endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 28

excess estrogen 
obesity 
pcos
nulliparity
early menarche later menaupause
tamoxifen

Question 29

lichen sclerosus

Answer 29

thin white wrinkled vuvlvar skin that leads to pruritis and excoriations
can also have perianal skin invovlvement leading to painful defecation

Question 30

proliferation of smooth muscle wihtin the myometrium

Answer 30

fibroid (irregular uterine enlargement )

Question 31

prolifertion of endometrial glands inside the myometrium

Answer 31

adenomyosis

Question 32

how to differentiate an organ prolapse from urethral diverticulum

Answer 32

in a prolapse valsalva maneuver will cause bulging of the prolapsed organ

Question 33

indication for hormone replacement

Answer 33

vasomotor symtpoms (hot flashes /night swetas)
oligomenorhe
sleep dsitrubances
dec libido
depression
cognitive decline
vaginla atropy