Ü Flashcards
What are the cortical regions?
PMC (pre-motor cortex) and supplementary motor area
What’s important or the functions of the PMC (pre-motor cortex)?
1.sensory guided actions
2. Externally generated movement
What’s important or the functions of the SMA (supplementary motor area)?
- Action selection and planning
- Internally generated movement
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Involuntary movement that is a result of antipsychotic drugs. Some of these involuntary movements include grimacing and lip movements
Who did we discuss in class that had tardivc dyskinesia?
Jeff
What’s important about the cerebellum?
It’s one of the most important organs of movement. Involved in locus of time, motor learning, posters and prediction
What is ataxia?
The lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements
What’s an example of ataxia?
Optic ataxia = being unable to reach for objects
What is apraxia?
It causes difficulty with motor planning and performing movements, even when know now to do
What are some of the subregions of the cerebellum? (List 3)
- Neocerebellum
- Spinocerebellum
- Vestibulocerebellum
What is the neocerebellum responsible for?
Motor planning
What is the spinocerebellum responsible for?
Sending information to affecters. Also, helps fine-tune movements and coordination of trunk
What is the vestibulocerebellum responsible for?
For balance and eye movements
What motor areas are involved in the planning and control of movement? AND are then the primary or secondary motor areas?
- Premotor cortex
- Supplementary motor area
- Secondary motor area
What is ideomotor apraxia?
Ideomotor apraxia => inability to carry out simple motor activity in response to verbal command (cannot imitate actions)
What is ideational apraxia?
Ideational apraxia => the impairment of carrying out sequences of movements that are part of a behavioral script (a serial order problem)
What are the major lobes of the brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
What makes up the dorsal stream?
Dorsal stream: occipital → parietal (where and how)
What makes up the ventral stream?
Ventral stream: occipital → temporal (what)
What makes up the ventral stream?
Ventral stream: occipital → temporal (what)
Where are mirror neurons found?
They’re in a high concentration in the basal ganglia but can also be found throughout the brain!
What are efferent/afferent pathways? AND their connection to the spinal cord…
- Efferent pathways (exits the CNS) → motor info from brain/spinal cord to body
- process that info to our sensory motor nerves to complete an action - Afferent pathways (arrives at the CNS) → sensory info from body to brain/spinal cord
