Typical structural processes

Question 1

SI Consonant Cluster Reduction

Answer 1

4:0
Syllable initial clusters are reduced
/queen/ - [kin]
/snake/ [neɪk]

Question 2

Final Consonant Deletion

Answer 2

3;3 - 3;6
Syllable Final Word Final (SFWF) consonant is omitted
/lamp/ - [læm] or [læ]
/like/ - [laɪ]

Question 3

Final Consonant Cluster Reduction
(no age)

Answer 3

Syllable Final Word Final (SFWF) cluster is reduced
but not as far as zero coda!
/lamp/ - [læm] or [læp]

Question 4

Weak Syllable Deletion

Answer 4

3;6 - 4;0
Unstressed syllable is omitted
can be pre-tonic: /computer/ - [‘putə]
or post-tonic: /telephone/ [‘tefəʊn]

Question 5

Reduplication

Answer 5

Very early!
a complete or partial repetition of a target syllable
/lemon/ - [‘lele]
/table/ - [‘teɪtə]

Question 6

Vowel Epenthesis

Answer 6

8;0
a vowel typically [ə] or [ɪ] is inserted to break up a consonant cluster
/fly/ - [fə’laɪ]

Question 7

Vocalisation
(no age)

Answer 7

a syllabic consonant (m, n, l) is realised as a vowel
/bottle/ - [‘bɒtʊ] instead of bɒtl
/garden/ - [‘ɡɑdə] instead of ɡɑdn

Question 8

Coalescence

Answer 8

2 neighbouring sounds are substituted for a single different sound
/spoon/ - [fun]