TYPES OF VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS Flashcards
- Most common type (worldwide)
- Fairly calm flows of lava
Non-explosive volcanic erruption
- Less common
- Clouds of ash, gas, and rock fragments
Explosive volcanic erruption
Hot rock interacts with water
Phreatic or Hydrothermal Eruptions
New magma’s interaction with water
Phreatomagmatic
Least violent type of eruptions
Strombolian and Hawaiian
whats the difference of Hawaiian and strombolian
Hawaiian- fire fountains, lava flows
Strombolian- shower of lava fragments
most explosive and largest type of volcanic eruptions
Plinian eruptions
lava blocks and bombs may be ejected
Vulcanian eruptions
lava flow is moving outpouring of lava created during a non-explosive ____-
effusive eruption
lava that is rough, jagged, spiny, and generally clinkery surface
Aa
very fluid lava flow in solid form, smooth, billowy, ropy surfaces
PAHOEHOE
term used for magma once it has erupted onto the Earth’s surface
LAVA
-It pertains to fragmented rock material formed by a volcanic explosion or
ejection from a volcanic vent.
Pyroclastic Materials
Fragments less than 2 millimeters in diameter of lava or rock blasted
into the air by volcanic explosions.
Volcanic Ash
Fragments of lava or rock larger than 64 millimeters in size that are blasted
into the air by volcanic explosions.
Blocks
Fragments of fluid or partially fluid lava or rock larger than 64 millimeters in
size that are blasted into the air by volcanic explosions.
Bombs
vesicular lava fragments 1 centimeter or larger in diameter.
Cinder
Fragments of lava or rock between 2 and 64 millimeters in size that are
blasted into the air by volcanic explosions.
Lapilli
A light-colored, frothy, vesicular volcanic rock, usually of intermediate
and felsic composition, formed by the expansion of gas in erupting lava.
Pumice
A dark to reddish-colored, scoriaceous, vesicular volcanic rock, usually of
mafic composition.
Scoria
Solid material of all sizes explosively ejected from a
volcano into the atmosphere.
Tephra
*_______ are the two main factors that affect the eruptive style.
Viscosity and Gas content
