Types of validity Flashcards
Define validity
The extent to which an observed effect is genuine- does it measure what it was supposed to measure and can it be generalised beyond the research setting.
What is internal validity?
Whether the effects observed in an experiment are due to the manipulation of the independent variable and not some other factor.
What is ecological validity?
The extent to which findings from a research study can be generalised to other settings e.g everyday life.
What is temporal validity?
The extent to which findings from a research study can be generalised to other historical times and eras.
Give two forms of external validity.
Ecological validity
Temporal validity
What is face validity?
Wether a test, scale or measure appears to measure what it is supposed to measure.
What is concurrent validity?
When the results obtained are very close to or match those obtained on another recognised test.
How can we improve validity in experimental research?
- Using a control group so that the researcher is able to assess wether changes in the DV were due to the IV.
- Experimenters may standardise procedures to minimise the effects of participant variables.
- Single-blind or double-blind procedures.
How do you improve validity in questionaires?
Assuring the respondents that all data submitted will remain anonymous.
Many questionnaires and psychological test incorporate a lie scale within the questions to assess the consistency of the respondents responses and the effects of social desirability bias.
