Types of shock

Question 1

what is shock

Answer 1

multi-organ failure due to hypoperfusion

Question 2

list the types of shock

Answer 2

hypovolaemic 
cardiogenic 
obstructive 
distributive: anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic
endocrine

Question 3

describe hypovolaemic shock

Answer 3

reduced circulating volume results in reduced SVR, preload and CO

Question 4

causes of hypovolaemic shock

Answer 4

haemorrhage
burns
vomiting, diarrhoea

Question 5

describe cardiogenic shock

Answer 5

heart fails as a pump leading to reduced CO

Question 6

causes of cardiogenic shock

Answer 6

MI
cardiomyopathies
valvular problems
arrhythmias

Question 7

describe obstructive shock

Answer 7

mechanical obstruction to CO in an otherwise normal heart

Question 8

causes of obstructive shock

Answer 8

tension pneumothorax

cardiac tamponade

Question 9

describe distributive shock

Answer 9

disruption of normal vascular autoregulation and profound vasodilatation

Question 10

what are the types of distributive shock

Answer 10

septic
anaphylactic
neurogenic

Question 11

list endocrine causes of shock

Answer 11

addisonian crisis

severe uncorrected hypothyroidism

Question 12

what is the main clinical feature of shock

Answer 12

hypotension

Question 13

what is done in a fluid challenge

Answer 13

rapid administration of fluid with an assessment of response
300-500ml in ~15 min