Types of Shock Flashcards
1
Q
Shock
A
- Inadequate cellular energy production i.e. lack of O2 delivery to tissues
- Hypovolaemic, cardiogenic, distributive and obstructive
2
Q
Hypovolaemic Shock
A
- Significant loss of blood volume resulting in reduced venous return to the heart and decreased cardiac output
- May be caused by haemorrhage, plasma loss (burns), fluid loss or third spacing
- Responds well to fluid therapy
3
Q
Cardiogenic Shock
A
- Cardiac dysfunction resulting in failure of the cardiac pump despite adequate intravascular volume
- May be caused by dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, valvular disease and arrhythmias
- May have bradycardia or tachycardia depending on underlying disease, and irregular pulses
- Fluid therapy contraindicated in most cases
4
Q
Distributive Shock
A
- Maldistribution of blood in the body. the volume of fluid is the same, but the intravascular space has increased due to dilation of the vessels
- Creates relative hypovolaemia resulting in an inadequate volume of fluid being supplied to the tissues
- May be caused by anaphylaxis, sepsis, severe inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), trauma, envenomation or intoxication
- May have tachycardia and poor pulses with rapid CRT, injected MM
- Fluid therapy will help but the underlying cause needs to be addressed
5
Q
Obstructive Shock
A
- Obstruction of blood flow limiting venous return and cardiac output
- May be caused by GDV, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism
- Fluid therapy will help but the underlying cause needs to be addressed
6
Q
Compensatory + Decompensatory Shock
A
- The clinical signs of shock change as the body attempts to compensate to maintain homeostasis
7
Q
Compensatory Shock
A
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnoea
- CRT normal or prolonged
- MM red/injected
- Pulses bounding/normal
- Cool extremities
- Dull
8
Q
Decompensatory Shock
A
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnoea
- CRT >2s
- MM pale
- Pulses rapid, weak
- Hypotensive
- Hypothermia
- Altered consciousness
