types of RTI & its drugs Flashcards
Most common pathogen for URTI common cold/rhinitis/nasopharyngitis and its treatment
rhinovirus
symptomatic treatment
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for URTI common cold aka rhinitis/nasopharyngitis
no prominent localizing features
none
Most common pathogen for URTI & LRTI influenza and its treatment
Influenza virus/ orthomyxovirus
symptomatic treatment
antiviral therapy (eg. oseltamivir)
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for URTI & LRTI influenza
chills, myalgias
high fever
Most common pathogens for URTI sinusitis and its treatment
Rhinovirus, S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae
symptomatic treatment
antibiotics (eg. augmentin aka amoxicilllin-clavulanate)
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for sinusitis
facial pain
facial tenderness to palpation
opacification/not transparent of sinuses on transillumination
Most common pathogens for URTI tonsillitis and its treatment
Rhinovirus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae
Symptomatic treatment
antibiotics: penicillin V, penicillin G (benzathine)
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for tonsilitis
sore throat
marked inflammation of pharynx and tonsils
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for laryngitis
hoarseness, barking cough
inflammation of vocal cords
Most common pathogens for URTI laryngitis and its treatment
rhinovirus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae
Symptomatic treatment
Antibiotics (eg. augmentin)
Most common pathogens for URTI epiglottitis and its treatment
H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes
Antibiotics (eg. ceftriaxone, ampicillin/sulbactam)
Corticosteroids (eg. dexamethaasone)
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for epiglottitis
drooling and dysphagia
inspiratory stridor
respiratory distress
muffled voice
unwell appearance
tripod position
worsening dyspnea with decubitus
Distinct clinical features and physical examination findings for croup/ laryngotracheobronchitis
seal-like barking cough (worse at night)
stridor
Most common pathogens for URTI and LRTI
croup/ laryngotracheobronchitis and its treatment
parainfluenza virus
symptomatic treatment
corticosteroids (eg. dexamethasone)
inhaled epinephrine
