TYPES OF RESISTANCE EXERCISES Flashcards
Active Resisted (Manual/Mechanical) Resistance Exercise
The application of an external load/resistance to the muscle’s active contraction. The therapist, the patient, an immovable, or a movable object may apply the external resistance.
What are the three types of resistance exercises? `
Isotonic, Isometric and Isokinetic
ISOTONIC EXERCISE (DYNAMIC)
A dynamic form of exercise that is carried out against a constant or variable load as a muscle lengthens OR shortens through the available range of motion
two types of Isotonic exercises?
Concentric and Eccentric
Concentric Exercise?
Overall SHORTENING OF THE MUSCLE OCCURS as it generates tension and contracts AGAINST RESISTANCE.
Eccentric Exercise?
Overall LENGTHENING OF THE MUSCLE OCCURS as it develops tension and contracts to control motion against the resistance of an outside force; negative work is done.
*It creates more force than concentric actions.
ISOMETRIC EXERCISE
A muscle contraction in which there is no lengthening or shortening of the muscle and therefore no movement around the associated joint.
When is an isometric exercise used?
Used in the INITIAL STAGES OF REHAB WHEN joint pain or an immobilizing device (cast) restricts or prevents movement, when weakness exists at a specific point in the ROM, or when the individual is in a low state of training.
what can and isometric exercise help decrease with and maintain what pathways?
Helps to DECREASE PAIN AND SPASM and MAINTAIN NEUROMUSCULAR PATHWAYS until progression to active free can be accomplished (nerve injury, new exercises – neuromuscular learning phase and athletic visualization)
3 types of Isometric Exercises?
Muscle-setting, Stabilization and Multiple Angle*
Not considered a resistance exercise – because no appreciable resistance is applied
Muscle-setting
Low intensity isometric contractions performed against little or no resistance
Muscle-setting
Used to decrease muscular pain and to promote relaxation and circulation during acute stage of healing
Muscle-setting
Does not increase strength except in very weak muscles
Muscle-setting
Helps negate muscle atrophy during immobilization, to protect healing tissues
Muscle-setting
Develops a submaximal but sustained level of contraction to improve postural stability or dynamic stability of a joint
Stabilization
Uses midrange isometric contractions against resistance in weight-bearing postures
Stabilization
Focuses on trunk/postural control
Stabilization
Resistance is applied manually or mechanically, at multiple joint positions within the available ROM
Multiple Angle
Used to improve strength throughout the ROM when joint motion is available but dynamic resistance exercise is painful or inadvisable
Multiple Angle
ISOKINETIC EXERCISE
Form of active-resistive exercise in which the speed of movement of the limb is controlled by a preset rate-limiting device
In an Open Kinematic Chain Exercise what attachment is fixed and define?
Proximal Attachment Fixed Movement that occurs with the distal segment of a limb moving freely in space.
