Types of Reaction

Question 1

Synthesis Reaction

Answer 1

A synthesis reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product. The reactants may be elements or compounds, while the product is always a compound. A synthesis reaction is also called a direct combination reaction or simply a combination reaction. It is the opposite of a decomposition reaction, which breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones.

One way to represent a synthesis reaction is by the general equation: A + B → AB. Here, A and B are the reactants, and AB is the product. For example, when sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) react, they form sodium chloride (NaCl), which is the chemical name for table salt. The equation for this reaction is: 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl. In this case, both reactants are elements, and the product is a compound.

Another example of a synthesis reaction is the formation of water (H2O) from hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). The equation for this reaction is: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O. Here, both reactants and the product are compounds, but the product is more complex than the reactants.

Synthesis reactions can also occur between an element and a compound or between two compounds. For example, carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O2) react to form carbon dioxide (CO2). The equation for this reaction is: 2CO + O2 → 2CO2. Here, one reactant is an element and the other is a compound, and the product is a compound.

Another example of a synthesis reaction between two compounds is the reaction of sulfur trioxide (SO3) and water (H2O) to form sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The equation for this reaction is: SO3 + H2O → H2SO4. Here, both reactants and the product are compounds, but the product is more complex than the reactants.

Synthesis reactions are important in many fields of science and technology. For example, synthesis reactions are used to make new materials, such as plastics, ceramics, and metals. Synthesis reactions are also involved in biological processes, such as photosynthesis, where plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to produce glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The equation for this reaction is: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Question 2

Decomposition Reaction

Answer 2

A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. The reactant in a decomposition reaction is typically a more complex molecule, and the products are simpler compounds or elements. The general form of a decomposition reaction can be represented as follows:

[ \text{AB} \rightarrow \text{A} + \text{B} ]

Here, ( \text{AB} ) represents the reactant, and ( \text{A} ) and ( \text{B} ) represent the products. The reactant breaks apart or decomposes into its individual components.

For example, consider the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (( \text{H}_2\text{O}_2 )):

[ 2\text{H}_2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{O}_2 ]

In this reaction, hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen. The reaction is balanced to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Decomposition reactions can be triggered by various factors, including heat, light, electricity, or the presence of other chemicals. The specific products formed in a decomposition reaction depend on the nature of the reactant and the conditions under which the reaction occurs.

Question 3

Single Displacement (Replacement) Reaction

Question 4

Non-metal Displacement Reaction

Question 5

Double Replacement Reaction

Question 6

Neutralization Reaction

Question 7

Combustion of Hydrocarbon