types of philosophy

Question 1

philosophy

Answer 1

is the attempt to arrive at reasoned answers to questions that because their so generality or ultimacy are not addressed by other disciplines.

Question 2

metaphysics

Answer 2

the study of the nature of reality and existence

Question 3

epistemology

Answer 3

the study of nature of knowledge

Question 4

logic

Answer 4

study of reasoning and arguments

Question 5

ethics

Answer 5

study of morality (good vs bad, right vs wrong, duty, obligation, rights etc)

Question 6

uncertainty

Answer 6

not limited to narrow range of possession not known what is unknowable who asking

Question 7

enthymeme

Answer 7

an argument which is only partly expressed ( 1st premises and or conclusion is left unstated)

Question 8

equivocation

Answer 8

(F) a word/phrase that is ambiguous is misused(wrong meaning is used to reach the conclusion)

Question 9

red herring

Answer 9

(F) topic is x, but arguer changes topic.

Question 10

straw man

Answer 10

(F) second arguer replaces 1st arguer argument with a weaker one (putting words in his mouth)

Question 11

false analogy

Answer 11

(F) a comparison is made b/c things are alike in (F) someway it’s concluded they’re alike in another way but there is no logical causal or other reason to think they share another trait. ( A and B are alike, so if A has M, B also has M)

Question 12

appeal to authority

Answer 12

(F) when cited “authority” isn’t really qualified to decisively answer issued.

Question 13

fallacy

Answer 13

(F) flaw in argument other than false statement

Question 14

ad hominem

Answer 14

(F) (latin:against men) argument against the person

Question 15

ad hominem abusive

Answer 15

name calling, etc

Question 16

ad hominem circumstanitial

Answer 16

attacks P1 b/c of motivation or background that led to making the argument

Question 17

tu quoque

Answer 17

(F) (you too) P1: argues x P2: claims P1 is being a hypocrite in arguing x

Question 18

begging the question

Answer 18

(F) (Latin petitio principii) argument appeals to the principle it is supposed to prove: to make point, assumes point

Question 19

instrumental goods

Answer 19

good as a means to acquire or preserve or prevent the loss of some other good

Question 20

intrinsic good

Answer 20

good in itself/ for its own sake