Types of microorganisms Flashcards
_____ are simple, single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by splitting in two, are widely dispersed in nature, and are capable of causing disease in humans
Bacteria
Bacteria (and certain other microbes) can be classified by their reaction when exposed to dyes in a procedure called ____ ______.
Gram staining
Bacteria that stain purple or blue are referred to as
Gram Positive
Bacteria that stain pink are referred to as
Gram Negative
Gram positive bacteria commonly recovered from ocular infections are:
Actinomyces species, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes
Gram negative bacteria commonly recovered from ocular infections are:
Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Moraxella lacunata, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus viridans group
________ _________ is a frequent cause of blepharitis, conjunctivitis, and infectious keratitis
Staphylococcus Aureus
As a group, gram _____-associated infections are more serious in their natural course
gram Negative
_______ is a common contaminant in eyedrops, cosmetics, and hottubs. Can also be associated with contact lens overwear
Pseudomonas
______ _______ transmitted through sexual contact or congenital exposure in an infected birth canal can cause a hyperacute conjunctivitis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
______ ______ is responsible for a myriad of ocular infections including neonatal conjunctivitis, inclusion conjunctivitis, and trachoma
Chlamydia trachomatis
a microorganism smaller than the smallest bacterium that has no cellular structure and can cause infectious disease is a
Virus
Members of the _______ family include, HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV (varicella zoster virus), CMV (cytomegalovirus), and EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
Herpes Virus
___ ocular infections can be recurrent and may come back in a variety of forms
HSV
_______ can reactivate producing shingles which can involve the eye resulting in a painful, severe, and sometimes blinding disease called Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus.
VZV (varicella zoster virus)
_____ _____, is an ocular infection due to cytomegalovirus and is commonly seen in patients infected with HIV
CMV retinitis
Infections from the ____ family are responsible for 2 distinct and common ophthalmic syndromes: Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF), also known as Pink Eye
Adenovirus
____ are multicellular microorganisms with a more complex structure than that of bacteria and is divided into 2 groups: yeasts and molds
Fungi
Fungal infections are more commonly seen in warmer, moister climates such as those in the _________
Southeastern US
_______ are relatively large and complex single-celled microorganisms found in fresh and salt water, soil, plants, insects, and animals
Protozoa
______ are extremely small pathologic protein elements responsible for brain disorders that occur in certain animals and humans
Prions
