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Memory- Psychology > Types of Memory > Flashcards

Types of Memory Flashcards

1
Q

three types of memory

A
  • sensory
  • short term
  • long term
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2
Q

what is duration?

A

how long a memory lasts

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3
Q

what is capacity?

A

how much memory can held in store

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4
Q

what is coding?

A

how information is stored?

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5
Q

sensory memory

A

temporary store for information from senses

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6
Q

unless we pay attention to the information, what happens?

A

spontaneous decay

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7
Q

capacity of SM

A

limited

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8
Q

duration of SM

A

limited to less than a few seconds

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9
Q

STM encoding

A

accoustic

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10
Q

LTM encoding

A

semantic

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11
Q

types of LTM

A
  • episodic
  • semantic
  • procedural
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12
Q

what is episodic memory

A

stores information about personal events

time, place, emotion and other details

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13
Q

what is semantic memory

A

facts and knowledge

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14
Q

what is procedural memory

A

how to do things

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15
Q

examples of declarative memories

A

semantic and episodic

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16
Q

examples of non declarative memories

A

procedural

17
Q

what is declarative memory

A

conscious recall

18
Q

SM duration experiment

A

Sperling 1960

19
Q

Sperling 1960

procedure

A

shown a grid for 0.05 seconds and expected to recall

20
Q

sperling 1960

results

A

whole grid recall= 4-5 letters

one row= 3 items

21
Q

STM duration experiment

A

Peterson and Peterson 1959

22
Q

Peterson and Peterson 1959

method

A

trigram recollection
3-18 seconds after showing
count backwards= inference task

23
Q

peterson and peterson 1959

results and conclusion

A

3 seconds = 80% recalled

18 seconds = 10% recalled

24
Q

STM duration

A

less than 18 seconds

peterson and peterson 1959

25
Q

1975 LTM

A

Bahrick

graduation class

26
Q

Peterson and Peterson 1959

A

Trigrams

27
Q

Bahrick 1975

A

graduation class

28
Q

Bahrick free recall test

A

list names of ex-classmates
15yrs=60% accurate
30yrs=30% accurate

29
Q

Bahrick photo-recognition test

A

shown photos, recall names
15yrs= 90%
48yrs= 40%

30
Q

Bahrick name-recognition test

A

match names to photos
15yrs=90%
48%=80%

31
Q

Bahrick conclusions

A

recognition is better than recall

huge store of memory but hard to access it all

32
Q

experiments for capacity of STM

A

Jacobs 1887- 5-9 items

Miller 1956- magic number + chunking

33
Q

Jacobs 1887

A

had to repeat back in order a string of letters/digits

9 digits 7 letters
capacity increased during childhood

5-9 items

34
Q

Miller 1956

A

7 +/- 2

suggested chunking to remember more

35
Q

chunking

A

combining digits/letters into meaningful groups (chunks)

36
Q

encoding STM LTM

A

Baddely 1966

37
Q

Baddely 1966

A

acoustically/semantically similar/dissimilar

difficulty recording STM acoustically similar and LTM semantically similar

Memory- Psychology (6 decks)

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