types of LTM Flashcards
what are the types of LTM?
(implicit knowledge) PROCEDURAL MEMORY (declarative and explicit) EPISODIC MEMORY SEMANTIC MEMORY
what does your procedural memory do?
the memory of how we do things (actions and procedures
- we recall without conscious awareness
- these skills almost come as second nature.
e.g riding bike, tying shoelaces
what does your episodic memory do?
memory of personal events and our ability to recall events
- we make a conscious effort to recall events
- its a combination of elements (people, places, objects and behaviours.)
- these memories are time stamped
what does your semantic memory do?
memory of facts and knowledge
- includes knowledge of taste, definitions and random facts.
- not time stamped
- less personal
- constantly being added to.
what are the two case studies to support the types of long term memory?
CLIVE WEARING
suffered from rare brain infection that left him with a 7 second memory (moment to moment memory)
some procedural memories he had previously stored were still available to him like playing the piano. however his declarative knowledge (episodic and semantic) was damaged as he didn’t know he could play the piano until he sat down in front of one.
HM
27 year old suffered from severe epilepsy. surgeons carried out operation to remove his hippocampus. both his episodic and semantic memories were damaged (declarative) although parts of his brain concerning his procedural memory wasn’t effected- he learnt how to play tennis.
what evidence is there for types of long term memories being stored in different parts of the brain?
Tulving (1994)
got his participants to perform various tasks while their brains were scanned using a PET scanner.
he found
PREFRONTAL CORTEX (LEFT)- recalls SEMANTIC memories
PREFRONTAL CORTEX (RIGHT)- recalls EPISODIC memories
BASAL GANGLIA- recalls PROCEDURAL memories
CEREBELLUM- recalls PROCEDURAL memories.
