types of LTM

Question 1

who proposed there were 3 LTM stores

Answer 1

Tulving

Question 2

what are the three LTM stores

Answer 2

episodic, semantic, procedural

Question 3

what is episodic memory

Answer 3

personal memories of events
- this is a type of explicit memory - requires conscious thought
- these memories include details of an event, context in which the event took place and emotions associated with it
- they are time stamped which means you remember when they happened

Question 4

what is semantic memory

Answer 4

memory for facts and knowledge
- this is a type of explicit memory
- these memories are not time stamped, we do not remember when we first heard them

Question 5

what is procedural memory

Answer 5

memory of how to do things
- memories require repetition and practice
- they are implicit, meaning we find them difficult to explain even if we find the actions easy to perform
- procedural memories are automatic, they are implicit (dont require conscious effort to recall them)

Question 6

evidence for different types of LTM
- Huntingdons disease

Answer 6

researchers investigated learning in people with Huntingdons disease (disease of the brain). They found that HD patients had no problems learning new facts and knowledge (semantic memory) but had severe problems learning new motor skills (procedural memory). This shows that procedural and semantic memories are two separate systems

Question 7

evidence for support
HM and Clive Wearing

Answer 7

HM and Clive Wearing both had brain damage which severely affected their episodic memory but their procedural and semantic memories were relatively intact. clive wearing could read and play complex pieces of music on a piano. They show that procedural memory is distinct from both semantic and episodic memory