Types of long term memory Flashcards
what are the three types of LTM?
semantic, episodic and procedural
what is the semantic memory for?
memories for facts/ knowledge of the world
less personal than episodic memories
how are semantic memories time stamped and recalled?
not time stamped (you don’t usually remember when you learnt it)
usually need to be recalled consciously
what is the episodic memory for?
personal events e.g. what you did on your birthday
includes memories of when events occurred, and people, places and behaviours involved
how are episodic memories time stamped and recalled?
usually ‘time -stamped’ meaning you remember when they happened
need to be consciously recalled with effort
what is procedural memory for?
memory for actions/skills of how to do things
things that are difficult to explain verbally because yoy just ‘know’ how to do it
how are procedural memories recalled?
usually without conscious effort
what happened to each of Clive Wearing’s long term memories?
his PROCEDURAL memory was intact e.g. remembered how to play piano
he had some SEMANTIC memories as he could remember some childhood facts
EPISODIC memory was destroyed so couldn’t remember personal events.
how does the case of Clive Wearing support the types of LTM?
each type was affected differently in Clive’s brain, suggesting that they are located in different parts of the brain so therefore must be different stores
what is a limitation of using Clive Wearing as supporting evidence?
he has unique brain damage so can’t make conclusions on everyone’s LTM based off one study.
how does neuroimaging evidence from Tulving et al 1994 support the types of LTM?
PET scans show the left frontal lobe is active when retrieving semantic memories and right frontal lobe is active when recalling episodic memories
supports because different LTM’s located in different parts of brain so must be different stores
what did Cohen and Squire say that is a limitation of the 3 types of LTM?
they argued there are only 2 types because they say semantic and episodic stores overlap too much to be 2 different stores.
this is because there is factual info within events.
