Types of long-term memory

Question 1

What are the 3 types of LTM

Answer 1

Episodic
Semantic
Procedural

Question 2

What is episodic memory

Answer 2

Personal memories of events

Includes contextual details, emotional tone and specific details

Question 3

What is semantic memory

Answer 3

Shared memories of facts and knowledge

Can relate to things, behaviour and abstract concepts

Semantic memories begin as episodic bc we aquire knowledge of personal experiences
Memory loses assoc to events and is generalised

Question 4

What is procedural memory

Answer 4

How to do things/ skills

Acquired through repetition and practice

Question 5

Which types of memory are explicit/declarative and what does it mean

Answer 5

episodic and semantic

knowing THAT

Question 6

Which types of memory are implicit and what does it mean

Answer 6

procedural

knowing HOW

Question 7

Give examples of episodic

Answer 7

first day of school, family holiday

Question 8

Give examples of semantic

Answer 8

2+2=4, london is capital of england

Question 9

Give examples of procedural

Answer 9

riding a bike, swimming

Question 10

Briefly give 4 evaluation points for LTM

Answer 10

+ Evidence from brain scans
+ Case study evidence
- Problems w study of brain damage patients
- Too simplistic

Question 11

LTM Eval: Evidence from brain scans

Answer 11

+ Evidence from brain scans
Evidence that:
Epidodic is located in hippocampus, other bits of temporal lobe and frontal lobe
Semantic= temporal lobe
Procedural= Cerebellum, motor cortex and basal ganglia

=indicates different memory types are found in diff parts of brain
= separate types

Question 12

LTM Eval: Case study evidence

Answer 12

+ Case study evidence
HM could form procedural mems after surgery, but not declarative (episodic or semantic)
Eg he could mirror-draw but had no memory he learned this skill

= declarative and procedural are seperate
=reinforces brain scan research

Question 13

LTM Eval: Problems w study of brain damaged patients

Answer 13

x Problems w study of brain damage patients
Can’t properly assess damage until post-mortem
Could be malfunction of relay station rather than damage of area being responsible

=can’t establish a causal relationship

Question 14

LTM Eval: May be too simplistic

Answer 14

x LTM theory may be too simplistic

Possibility of other types of LTM raises questions ab theories

Eg: Priming= how implicit (procedural) memories influence respones to a stimulus

= 4th kind of LTM?
= Speirs suggested a Perceptual Representation System Memory