Types Of Long-term Memory Flashcards
1
Q
Who suggested that there were multiple LTM stores?
A
Tulving (1985)
2
Q
What are the different LTM stores?
A
Episodic, semantic and procedural memory
3
Q
Episodic memory
A
Our ability to recall events from our lives. These memories are time-stamped and related to other events in time. A conscious effort is made to recall these memories
4
Q
Semantic Memory
A
Our knowledge of the world (facts and concepts). These memories are less personal. A conscious effort is made to recall these memories
5
Q
Procedural Memory
A
Our knowledge of how to do things. Our actions become automatic through practice. These memories can be recalled without conscious effort
6
Q
Strengths of LTM
A
- PET brain scan evidence (eg. Tulving found different types of LTM activated different parts of the brain)
- Supportive case study evidence (eg. HM could still form new procedural memories but not episodic or semantic)
- Real world application (eg. Memory loss with age is linked to episodic memory, allowing specific treatments to be developed)
7
Q
Limitations of LTM
A
- Research suggests two stores, not three (eg. Cohen & Squire argue episodic and semantic are one unitary store)
- Conflicting neuroimaging evidence (eg. Semantic activated right prefrontal cortex, episodic activated right)
- Lacks temporal validity (eg. Tulving 2002 now suggests episodic memory is a subcategory of semantic as it’s not possible to have functioning episodic with a damaged semantic)