Types of IV Solutions Flashcards
Crystalloid Solutions are…
low molecular weight electrolyte or carbohydrate solutions
Three examples of ISOtonic solutions
0.9NS, D5W, LR
The tonicity of this type of solution is less than 250mOsm/liter
HYPOtonic
Two examples of HYPOtonic solutions
0.45NS, 0.25NS
The tonicity of this type of solution is greater than 375 mOsm/liter
HYPERtonic
Four examples of HYPERtonic solutions
D5-1/2NS, D5NS, D10W, D5LR
Which type of solution would be used to EXPAND the INTRAVASCULAR compartment with NO change in call size?
ISOtonic.
What are the CAUTIONS for ISOtonic solutions?
Can cause circulatory overload, may produce decrease in H&H since fluid remains in intravascular space.
Which type of fluid is used to HYDRATE CELLS & INTERSTITIAL compartments and will cause cells to SWELL and vessels to SHRINK?
HYPOtonic.
The IV fluid moves from vessels into IT space, then into cells. Osmolality sucks – so the higher tonicity of the ITspace and cells sucks fluid from the vascular space.
What are the CAUTIONS for HYPOtonic solutions?
Can cause circulatory DEPLETION, hypotension, and cell/brain EDEMA.
Which type of fluid should be used to dilute/replace electrolytes?
HYPERTONIC fluid. Electrolytes will diffuse from vascular space, but fluid will shift from cells, IS, ECF into vascular space.
Which type of fluid will cause CELLS to SHRINK and VESSELS to SWELL?
Hypertonic. The higher osmolality sucks fluid into the vessels.
What are the CAUTIONS with hypertonic fluid?
Irritating to vein walls and may cause hypertonic circulatory overload and cell dehydration.
This type of IV solution contains HIGH molecular weight particles.
COLLOID solutions.
What are some examples of Colloid Solutions?
whole blood, PRBC, albumin, plasma, plasmanate, hespan
