types of food and nutrition Flashcards
What is the purpose of ingesting food?
Food is a source of energy for our daily activities, promotes growth, repairs damaged tissues, maintains health, and regulates body functions.
What is nutrition?
Nutrition is the process of obtaining and consuming nutrients from food.
What are nutrients?
Nutrients are useful substances in food that provide energy and materials for growth, body development, and repair of damaged tissues.
what are the sources you can get carbohydrates from?
noodle , rice , bread , oats etc
what are the elements in carbohydrates ?
carbon , hydrogen and oxygen with the ratio of 1:2:1
the 3 types of carbohydrates ?
-monosaccharide ( simple sugar )
-disaccharide ( complex sugar)
-polysaccharide
the examples of monosaccharide?
(and the sources)
glucose , fructose , galactose
fruit and vege
the examples of disaccharide?
( and sources)
sucrose , maltose , lactose
sugar cane , beetroot ,milk
the examples of polysaccharide ?
(and sources)
starch , cellulose , glycogen
rice , bread , cereal
the functions of carbohydrates ?
-provide energy
-excess glucose us converted into glycogen and fats for storage
-invloved in synthesis of dna
how are disaccharides formed ?
(aka condensation process)
glucose + glucose = maltose + water
glucose + fructose+sucrose + water
glucose+ galactose= lactose + water
what are the health problems if you ingest to much of carbohydrates?
diabetes mellitus ,obesity and dental caries
what are the sources of protein ?
fish , meat, milk ,liver ,cheese ,soya beans
elements in protein ?
carbon,oxygen,hydrogen,nitrogen,
some may contain phosphorus and sulfur
protein molecules are made of a large number of what linked together by what ?
amino acids and peptide bond
the functions of protein ?
- build new tissues
-promotye growth - repair damage cells or tissues and replace dead cells
-build body structure : hair and nail
-formation of enzyme ,hormones,antibodies and haemoglobin
what are the protein deficiency diseases?
kwashiorkor (bulging of the abdoment)
marasmus ( weight loss , dehydration )
sources of fats?
butter , animal fats ,fish oil and vege oil
elements in fat ?
carbon , hydrogen and oxygen
fats consists of the smallest units of (_) combines w what ?
fatty acids , glycerol
types of fats?
saturated and unsaturates
sources of saturated fats ?
butter and animal fats
sources of unsaturated fats ?
fish oil and vege oil
functions of fats ?
-provide energy
-medium intake for vitamin A D E K
-synthesis of cell membrane
-heat insulation area under skin
-protect organs from physical injury
