Types of Figurative Languages, Poems, and Sonnets Flashcards
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things and uses the words “like” or “as.”
Ex. The boy was as brave as a lion in the jungle.
Simile
Compares two things that are not alike that do not use the words “like” or “as.”
Ex. Love is a battlefield.
Metaphor
An exaggeration that is created to emphasize a point or bring out a sense of humor.
Ex. I have told you a million times to wash the dishes.
Hyperbole
Gives human characteristics to non-living objects.
Ex. April is the cruelest month of the year.
Personification
Uses one part to refer to the whole, or the whole to refer to the part.
Ex. Set of wheels refers to a car
Synecdoche
Names something or an action by imitating the sound associated with it.
Ex. The fireplace heater hissed and cracked.
Onomatopoeia
Use of a linked term to stand in for an object or concept.
Ex. The pen is mightier than the sword.
Pen stands for the written word.
The sword stands for military aggression.
Metonymy
Employed by writers or speakers to intentionally make a situation seem less important than it really is.
Ex. He is not too thin. Describing an obese person
Understatement
Employs an understatement by using double negatives or a positive statement expressed by negating its opposite expressions.
Ex. They do not seem the happiest couple around.
Litotes
Emphasizes the idea of contrast by parallel structures of the contrasted phrases or clauses.
Ex. Speech is silver, but silence is gold.
Antithesis
An address to the absent as if present or the inanimate as if human
Ex. Oh Liberty! How many crimes are committed in thy name.
Apostrophe
Contradictory statements or situations reveal a reality that is different from what appears to be true.
Ex. Telling a rude customer to “have a nice day”
Irony
From Greek word paradoxon which means “contrary to expectations, existing belief, or perceived opinion.”
Ex. Your enemy’s friend is your enemy.
Paradox
Pairing two words together that are opposing and/or contradictory.
Ex. Same difference
Oxymoron
An object representing another to give an entirely different meaning that is much deeper and more significant.
Ex. Dove as a symbol of peace
Symbol
A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance.
Ex. “Don’t act like a Romeo in front of her.” - Romeo is a reference to Shakespeare’s Romeo, a passionate lover of Juliet in Romeo and Juliet.
Allusion
A figure of sound in which a number of words, having the same first consonant sound occur close together in a series.
Ex. But a better butter makes a batter better.
Alliteration
A figure of sound in which the repetition of similar vowel sounds takes place in two or more words in proximity to each other within a line of poetry or prose.
Ex. After a while, crocodile
Assonance
Refers to repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase.
Ex. The ship have sailed far off shore
Consonance
Repetition of similar sounding words occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs.
Ex. Humpty dumpty sat on a wall; Humpty dumpty had a great fall.
Rhyme
This form of poetry describes important events in life either real or imaginary.
Narrative Poetry
3 Types of Narrative Poetry
- Epic
- Metrical Tale
- Ballads
An extended narrative about heroic exploits often under supernatural control.
Ex. The Harvest Song of Aliguyon
Epic
A narrative poetry which is written in verse and can be classified either as a ballad or a metrical romance.
Ex. Bayani ng Bukid
Metrical Tale
Considered as the shortest and simplest narrative poetry.
Ballads
A form of poetry that is meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, but now this applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings to the poet.
Lyrical Poetry
These are short poems intended to be sung.
Ex. Chit Chirit Chit
Folksongs
