Types of Degeneration

Question 1

Calcification, Metastatic

Answer 1

Calcium infiltration into normal tissue
(Ca tumors in random parts of body)
Eg Hypervitaminosis D

Question 2

Calcification, Dystrophic

Answer 2

Calcium infiltration into abnormal/ damaged tissue

Eg Atherosclerosis or atheroma. Damage to tunica intima and media

Question 3

Caseous

Answer 3

Found in Lungs

Eg Tuberculosis

Question 4

Cloudy Swelling

Answer 4

Albuminous.

Membrane injured which affects ionic transfer.

Question 5

Coagulation

Answer 5

Heart
Eg Infarction (MI)

Question 6

Enzymatic

Answer 6

Pancreas

Question 7

Fatty

Answer 7

Liver aka “Nutmeg Liver”
In heart = “Tabby cat heart”
Fatty dot -> Fatty Streak -> Atheroma (Fatty Plaque) -> Fibroatheroma ( Fibrous Tissue, Calcium)

Question 8

Liquefaction

Answer 8

CNS (Eg Brain melts, tertiary syphilis, leprosy)

Skin (if from infection)

Question 9

Wallerian

Answer 9

Happens when nerve is hit

PERIPHERAL nerves. Degenerates to the next node of Ranvier “Dying back Phenomenon”

Question 10

Zenker’s (Waxy)

Answer 10

Hyaline
M/c in skeletal muscle
Muscle is replaced with hyaline
Epiphyseal plate replacement

Question 11

Karyolysis

Answer 11

Nuclear rupture - FADING

Question 12

Karyorrhexis

Answer 12

Nuclear Swelling - FRAGMENTING

Question 13

Pykinosis

Answer 13

Nuclear condensation- SHRINKAGE