Types of CVA

Question 1

What arteries and areas of the brain would be damaged if the vertebrobasilar artery was occluded? What are typical symptoms?

Answer 1

• PCA
• medulla/pons
• quadriparesis, bulbar palsy and locked-in syndrome

Question 2

Lateral medullary syndrome

Answer 2

• ipsilateral cerebellar symptoms and pain/temp loss to face
• contralateral pain/temp loss to body
• *Horner’s syndrome

Question 3

AICA syndrome

Answer 3

• unilateral deafness
• unilateral Horner’s syndrome
• contralateral pain/temp loss
• *ataxia, vertigo and nystagmus

Question 4

Lacunar syndrome

Answer 4

contralateral hemiplegia

Question 5

ACA syndrome

Answer 5

• contralateral hemiplegia (LE>UE involvement) and hemisensory loss
• homonymous hemianopsia
• *apraxia and aphasia
• *akinetic mutism
• *contralateral neglect

Question 6

MCA syndrome

Answer 6

• contralateral hemiplegia (UE>LE involvement) and hemisensory loss
• homonymous hemianopsia
• *nonfluent aphasia and apraxia if in L hemisphere

Question 7

What arteries can be occluded with a lesion of the internal carotid artery? What are typical symptoms?

Answer 7

• ACA and MCA

- loss of consciousness and usually MCA symptoms

Question 8

PICA syndrome

Answer 8

-Wallenberg’s syndrome (vertigo, nausea, dysphagia, ptosis, ipsilateral face and contralateral torso/limb sensation loss)

Question 9

Superior cerebellar syndrome

Answer 9

• severe ataxia and dysmetria
• dysarthria
• contralateral pain/temp loss

Question 10

Medial vs lateral inferior pontine

Answer 10

both have ipsilateral cerebellar symptoms

• Medial: contralateral hemiparesis
• Lateral: contralateral pain/temp loss

Question 11

PCA syndrome

Answer 11

• contralateral pain/temp loss
• transient contralateral hemiparesis
• involuntary movements, athetosis, hemiballisumus
• aphasia
• homonymous hemianopsia
• *visual agnosia
• *memory deficits
• *thalamic pain syndrome (continuous contralateral pain) and cortical blindness