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CHANGING AWARENESS OF CRIME > Types of Crimes > Flashcards

Types of Crimes Flashcards

1
Q

What is White collar crime?

A

Crime that are committed by people who are in position of power and/or authority that are non-violent and financially motivated.

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2
Q

What are the types of White collar crime?

A
  • Corporate: crime is committed by or on behalf of a company.
    (Tax evasion etc.)
  • Organised: criminal activities that are planned and controlled by powerful groups and carried out by large groups and seeks profit through illegal businesses. (Money laundering etc.)
  • Professional: crime is committed by professionals with the intention to benefit themselves.
    (Stealing client’s funds etc.)
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3
Q

Who are the Victims of White collar crime?

A

Victims:

  • Consumers
  • Tax payers and the Government
  • Employees
  • The Public
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4
Q

Who are the Offenders of White collar crime?

A

Offenders:

  • Professionals
  • Companies
  • Individuals
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5
Q

How aware are the public of White collar crime?

A

Often ‘invisible’.
This is because:
- Media coverage is limited as it is normally not exciting
- It is underreported because people feel it won’t make a difference, don’t know they are a victim and not seen as a real crime
- Complex: difficult to research and discover
- Power and Respectability

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6
Q

What is Moral crime?

A

Acts that go against society’s norms and moral code, which are not directly violate to other individuals.

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7
Q

Examples of Moral crime?

A
  • Prostitution
  • Selling drugs
  • Drug use
  • Under-age drinking
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8
Q

Who are victims of Moral crime?

A

Considered victimless.

However, some adults and children can be victims.

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9
Q

Who are the offenders of Moral crime?

A

Varies on each crime.

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10
Q

How aware is the public of Moral crime?

A

Varies on each crime.
Little public awareness - buying and selling drugs
High public awareness - begging and under-age drinking

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11
Q

What are State crime?

A

Illegal or deviant activities that are perpetrated by state agencies.

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12
Q

Examples of State crimes?

A
  • Torture
  • Police brutality
  • Imprisonment without trial
  • War crimes
  • Political crimes
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13
Q

Who are the victims of State crime?

A

Victims:

  • Citizens
  • Another state
  • Members of religious or ethnic minorities
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14
Q

Who are the offenders of State crime?

A

Offenders:

  • State officials
  • Militias
  • Government
  • Can be very senior
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15
Q

How aware are the public of State crime?

A

Often huge and the public are very aware of the crimes.

However, some states are powerful and can conceal them.

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16
Q

What are Technological crimes?

A

Crimes that use information and communication technology.

Cyber-crimes and e-crimes.

17
Q

Examples of Technological crimes

A
  • Financial crimes
  • Cyber-trespass
  • Identity theft
  • Hate crimes
  • Illegal downloading
18
Q

Who are the victims of Technological crimes?

A

Can be ANYONE.

- vulnerable people are old people and the less education

19
Q

Who are the offenders of Technological crimes?

A

Can be ANYONE

20
Q

How aware are the public of Technological crime?

A

Awareness varies as we are aware of trolling but identity theft may not be discovered till it’s too late.

21
Q

What are the types of Individual crimes?

A
  • Hate crime
  • Honour crime
  • Domestic abuse
22
Q

What are Hate crimes?

A

The perpetrator commits a crime because the have hatred towards the victim e.g. religion, race, sexual orientation and identity etc.

23
Q

What are examples of Hate crime

A
  • Verbal abuse
  • Intimidation
  • Threats
  • Harassment
  • Assault
24
Q

Who are the victims of Hate crimes?

A

Anyone who has any of the protected characteristics.

25
Q

Who are the offenders of Hate crimes?

A

Tend to be people who hold prejudiced attitudes about a group of people.

26
Q

How aware are the public of Hate crime?

A

Awareness has been increasing. Due to an increase in reporting, investigating and prosecution.

27
Q

What are Honour crimes?

A

Crime which involves violence committed to defend a family or community. Violence that is directed at an individual who has bought shame upon the family.

28
Q

Examples of Honour crimes

A
  • Forced marriages
  • FGM
  • Murder
  • Assault
29
Q

Who are the victims of Honour crime?

A
  • Women

- Girls

30
Q

Who are the offenders of Honour crimes?

A

Normally the victim’s family and members of their community. Mostly male.

31
Q

How aware are the public of Honour crime?

A

Relatively low because communities may see the crimes as justified.

32
Q

What is Domestic abuse?

A

The use of violence, abuse and/or threating behaviour against a partner, ex-partner or family member. Hidden crime.

33
Q

Examples of Domestic abuse

A
  • Physical, sexual assaults and rape
  • Financial abuse
  • Emotional or psychological abuse
  • Controlling behaviour
  • Coercive behaviour
34
Q

Who are the victims of Domestic abuse?

A

Most victims are females. However, some females are more at risk then others. Males can be victims too though.

35
Q

Who are the offenders of Domestic abuse?

A

Mainly males. Usually the partner or ex-partner of the victim.

36
Q

How aware are the public of Domestic abuse?

A

Depends on the severity of the domestic abuse.

  • Victims can be too scared to report the crime
  • Takes place at home
  • Feminists are now bringing domestic abuse to the lime-light.

CHANGING AWARENESS OF CRIME (4 decks)

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