Types Of Crime Flashcards
Social defintion of crime
Society label an act as a crime the. It is considered as a crime
Legal definition of crime
If the law say an act is a crime then it is a crime
Volume of crime
Has a significant impact on society and is out of control
Major crime
Any crime that goes to supreme court
Crime against Person
A crime committed by physical harm o force towards another person
Crime against property
Incidents where individuals, households or cooperates bodies are deprived if their property is damaged
Cybercrime
A criminal activity that occurs om a computer or network device
Crime statistics
Collective information effective for policing
Two types of collecting trends of crime
- Record crime and statistics from police
- Information collected for crime survey for wales and england
Purpose of collecting statistics for crime
Provide trends in offences
Allow evaluation and development of policy
Provide geographical trend
Enable protection to victims
Show police workload
Crime survey for England and Wales
Victims survey that asks population of people in england and wales about their experience of crime
They are not reported to police
More accurate the police statistics
Police recorded crime
Home office record crime in recorded crime figures broken down by time, geography and offence type
Commercial victimisation survey
Extent and costs of crime against business in england and wales which is used to
Monitor crime trends
Identify what need to be done to prevent crime
Self report offender survery
Unofficial crime survey which is done by people who may or may not committed a crime
Infomation of drug use by offenders
Evidence on relationship between victims and offenders
Functionalist theories
Looks at society as a whole and explains nature of society is the cause of crime
Society of saints
Deviance would still exist as general standard and behaviour is to high in society now
Crimes postive function
Social regulation- reaffirming boundaries to make behaviour acceptable
Social cohesion-strength social cohesion
Social change- further action performed by the criminals to provide constant test of the boundaries of permitted action
Merton law
Believe goals and achievements have an impact and if not achieved by the person they rebel and commit crime
American dream was built on USA system and to encourage people to achieve their goals
Marxist perspective on crime
How crime focused on Capitalist system
Only benefits the elites and not the working class
Realism
Right realist
Realism believe that u have a choice to commit a crime
Right realist believe that the reason people commit crime is a biological factor and believe nuclear family will not commit crime but other types of structured family would
Left realist
Believe groups that lack goals and wealth will commit crime
Post modernist theorie
Crume can not be prevented as society has been way advanced now and can not be changed now
Culture of resentment- gaps between expectations and achievement
Individualism- where people think of themselves as an individual and not part of society
Gender and crime
Men are more likely to commit more crimes than women
Men are more likely to commit violent crimes like murder
Women commit less violent crimes according to ministry of justice
Sex role theory
Theorist believe in transitional values and norms associated to femininity discourages from criminal activity and masculinity is reason why men commit crimw
Biological theories
There are biological theories between men and women
Example men produce higher testerone levels than women so more likely to display agression
Feminist perspectives
Two strands of feminist theory:
Marginalisation- argue that the position women are in society is primary reason why men commit more crimes and links to men not having domestic roles and therefore higher opportunities to commit crime
Control theory- women are more controlled than men as men are given more person freedom then women
