types of conservatism Flashcards

1
Q

what are the different types of conservatism

A
Traditional (aftermath of french rev) 
Traditional (one nation) 
Traditional (response to facism)
Christian democracy 
New right
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2
Q

two main strands

A

traditional

new right

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3
Q

traditional conservatism-aftermath of french revolution

A

change to conserve e.g support for great reform act

order and authority- Robert Peel making metro police force in london

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4
Q

why did people critisice Burke

A

just explaining current society in more sophisticated way

would want it to remain becuase benefitted them

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5
Q

PMs which were conservative in political practice

A

Pitt, Canning + Peel

praised evidence, supported order, didn’t like revolutionary change

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6
Q

what caused the emergence of one nation

A

more demands for democracy

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7
Q

important people involved in emergence of one nation

A

Disraeli, Bismarck
prioritise national unity to help the poor (ironic bc at the time that was seen as anti-monarchy as french revolutionaries were ‘patriotic’)
would fulfill paternalistic role

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8
Q

what did one nation conservatism come to be associated with

A

legislation which tempered with effects of laissez faire capitalism on behalf of working class

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9
Q

what legislation came about in England due to one nation conservatism

A

factory act 1874

artisan dwelling acts (restricted freedom of factory owners)

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10
Q

what was Harold MacMillan’s middle way

A

saw socialism as ineviatable
middle way=address economic inequalities whilst respecting property rights (+other con themes)
more state intervention to stop socialism

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11
Q

traditional conservatism- repsonse to facism

A

middle way
bigger gov
had to appeal to working class extension of franchise
argued support for state welfare=updated capitalist paternalism

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12
Q

Christian democracy

A

variant of traditional conservatism
facism affected continental europe
post war european conservatism

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13
Q

christian democracy+traditional conservatism overlaps

A
judeo-christian morality binds people 
authority+heirarchy 
social con 
sceptical on free markets 
acceptance of large state post war
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14
Q

what makes christian democracy distinct from british conservatism

A

supranational- authority cuts across national borders
came about from bad experiences with nationalism in the war (germany+nazism)
worked because of influence of roman catholics (practice supranational authority)

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15
Q

what is the new right a merger between

A

neo liberalism

neo conservatism

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16
Q

Conservatism is a ruling class ideology YES

A
Burke ‘father of conservatism’ defended aristocracy after French rev
Cons defend inequality, privelage+property 
Stress on tradition- stops position of ruling class being challenged
17
Q

Conservatism is a ruling class ideology NO

A

Purpose of cons is order which appeals to all sections of society
Love for custom echoes in all parts of society
Traditional cons promote interests of the poor
New right =meritocratic

18
Q

Conservatism is the politics of pragmatism YES

A

Always said should be based on what is not what should be
Primed itself on flexibility
Pragmatism shown by different policies e.g Peel’s support for laissez faire and Macmillan backing Keynesian

19
Q

Conservatism is the politics of pragmatism NO

A

Not philosophically neutral e.g slow change over fast

Reject revolution not to stop change but to protect a society based on certain principle e.g private property

20
Q

Conservatism is compatible with capitalism YES

A

Based on private property which cons support
Generates inequality
Been heart of economies for centuries so traditional
Gives ruling class wealth to help poor (paternalism)
Extend private property for individual freedom

21
Q

Conservatism is compatible with capitalism NO

A

Creates economic+social divisions-threatens ‘one nation’
Volatile so threat to stability
Promotes meritocracy which challenges ruling class

22
Q

Conservatism can be reconciled with socialism YES

A

Both play down individualism
Stress communities
Traditional cons+socialist see capitalism as problematic

23
Q

Conservatism can be reconciled with socialism NO

A
Cons like inequality 
Cons sceptical of progress, to socialists=essential 
Cons defend private property 
Cons reject revolution 
Socialist don’t like paternalism