Types of Attack

Question 1

Ransomware

Answer 1

Malicious software that encrypts files and demands payment for their release.

Question 2

Trojans

Answer 2

Programs that appear legitimate but contain malicious code.

Question 3

Malicious software that encrypts files and demands payment for their release.

Answer 3

Ransomware

Question 4

Programs that appear legitimate but contain malicious code.

Answer 4

Trojans

Question 5

Worms

Answer 5

Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks.

Question 6

Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks.

Answer 6

Worms

Question 7

Potentially Unwanted Programs (PUPs)

Answer 7

Software that may have unwanted effects, often bundled with legitimate applications

Question 8

What term refers to software applications that exhibit undesirable behavior?

Answer 8

Potentially Unwanted Programs (PUPs)

Question 9

Describe a fileless virus.

Answer 9

A fileless virus is a type of malware that operates in memory without leaving traces on disk, making detection challenging for traditional antivirus software.

Question 10

What type of malware operates in memory without leaving traces on disk?

Answer 10

Fileless virus

Question 11

What is Command and Control (C&C) ?

Answer 11

Command and control refers to the communication channel used by attackers to control compromised devices and exfiltrate data from targeted systems.

Question 12

What term describes the communication channel used by attackers to control compromised devices?

Answer 12

Command and control

Question 13

Define bots in cybersecurity.

Answer 13

Bots are automated software agents that perform tasks, often maliciously, without human intervention, such as spreading malware or launching DDoS attacks.

Question 14

What are automated software agents that perform tasks, often maliciously?

Answer 14

Bots

Question 15

Explain cryptomalware.

Answer 15

Cryptomalware is a type of malware that encrypts files or systems and demands ransom for decryption, often using strong encryption algorithms.

Question 16

What type of malware encrypts files and demands ransom for decryption?

Answer 16

Cryptomalware

Question 17

What are logic bombs?

Answer 17

Logic bombs are code snippets inserted into systems to execute a malicious action at a specific time or after a triggering event, often causing system disruptions or data loss.

Question 18

What type of code is inserted into systems to execute a malicious action at a specific time or event?

Answer 18

Logic bombs

Question 19

Define spyware.

Answer 19

Spyware is a type of malware that secretly gathers information about a user’s activities without their consent, often for advertising or espionage purposes.

Question 20

What type of malware secretly gathers information about a user’s activities?

Answer 20

Spyware

Question 21

Describe keyloggers.

Answer 21

Keyloggers are software or hardware devices designed to record keystrokes, capturing sensitive information such as passwords or credit card numbers.

Question 22

What software or hardware devices record keystrokes?

Answer 22

Keyloggers

Question 23

What is a Remote Access Trojan (RAT)?

Answer 23

A Remote Access Trojan is a type of malware that provides unauthorized access to a victim’s system, allowing remote control by an attacker.

Question 24

What type of malware provides unauthorized access to a victim’s system for remote control?

Answer 24

Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Question 25

Define rootkit.

Answer 25

A rootkit is a type of malware that is designed to conceal its presence or the presence of other malware on a system, often granting privileged access to attackers.

Question 26

What type of malware is designed to conceal its presence on a system?

Answer 26

Rootkit

Question 27

What is a backdoor?

Answer 27

A backdoor is a hidden entry point into a system or software application that allows unauthorized access to attackers.

Question 28

What term describes a hidden entry point into a system or software application?

Answer 28

Backdoor

Question 29

What is password spraying?

Answer 29

Password spraying is a technique used by attackers to attempt a few common passwords against many accounts, reducing the risk of detection by avoiding multiple failed login attempts.

Question 30

What technique involves trying a few common passwords against many accounts?

Answer 30

Password spraying

Question 31

Describe a dictionary attack.

Answer 31

A dictionary attack is a type of password attack where an attacker uses a precompiled list of common passwords or dictionary words to attempt unauthorized access to user accounts.

Question 32

What type of password attack uses a precompiled list of common passwords or words?

Answer 32

Dictionary attack

Question 33

What is a brute force attack?

Answer 33

A brute force attack is a password attack method where attackers systematically try all possible combinations of characters until the correct password is found.

Question 34

What password attack method involves trying all possible combinations of characters?

Answer 34

Brute force attack

Question 35

Explain a rainbow table attack.

Answer 35

A rainbow table attack is a type of password attack where attackers use precomputed tables of hash values to quickly crack hashed passwords.

Question 36

What type of password attack uses precomputed tables of hash values?

Answer 36

Rainbow table attack

Question 37

Describe plaintext/unencrypted password attacks.

Answer 37

Plaintext/unencrypted password attacks involve intercepting passwords sent over a network or stored in a system without encryption, allowing attackers to obtain them easily.

Question 38

What type of password attack involves intercepting passwords without encryption?

Answer 38

Plaintext/unencrypted password attack

Question 39

What is a physical attack involving USB cables?

Answer 39

A physical attack using a malicious USB cable involves using specially modified USB cables to compromise devices when connected.

Question 40

What type of physical attack involves using specially modified USB cables?

Answer 40

Malicious Universal Serial Bus (USB) cable attack

Question 41

Define a physical attack using a flash drive.

Answer 41

A physical attack using a malicious flash drive involves infecting a USB flash drive with malware and leaving it in a public place for unsuspecting victims to plug into their devices.

Question 42

What type of physical attack involves infecting USB flash drives with malware?

Answer 42

Malicious flash drive attack

Question 43

What is card cloning?

Answer 43

Card cloning is a physical attack where attackers create duplicate copies of credit or debit cards, typically by skimming information from legitimate cards.

Question 44

What physical attack involves creating duplicate copies of credit or debit cards?

Answer 44

Card cloning

Question 45

Describe skimming in terms of physical attacks.

Answer 45

Skimming is a physical attack where attackers use devices to capture data from the magnetic stripe of credit or debit cards during legitimate transactions.

Question 46

What physical attack involves capturing data from the magnetic stripe of cards?

Answer 46

Skimming

Question 47

What is tainted training data in adversarial AI?

Answer 47

Tainted training data refers to maliciously modified or manipulated data used to train machine learning models, leading to biased or compromised results.

Question 48

What term describes maliciously modified data used to train machine learning models?

Answer 48

Tainted training data

Question 49

Describe the security aspect of machine learning algorithms.

Answer 49

The security of machine learning algorithms refers to protecting models from adversarial attacks, ensuring they are robust and resistant to manipulation or exploitation.

Question 50

What aspect of machine learning involves protecting models from adversarial attacks?

Answer 50

Security of machine learning algorithms

Question 51

What are supply-chain attacks?

Answer 51

Supply-chain attacks are cyberattacks that target vulnerabilities in the software supply chain, aiming to compromise products or services before they reach end-users.

Question 52

What type of cyberattacks target vulnerabilities in the software supply chain?

Answer 52

Supply-chain attacks

Question 53

Compare cloud-based and on-premises attacks.

Answer 53

Cloud-based attacks target resources and data hosted in cloud environments, while on-premises attacks target resources and data stored within an organization’s physical infrastructure.

Question 54

What type of attacks target resources and data hosted in cloud environments?

Answer 54

Cloud-based attacks

Question 55

What is a Birthday cryptographic attack?

Answer 55

The Birthday cryptographic attack exploits the birthday paradox to find collisions in hash functions more efficiently than brute force methods.

Question 56

What type of cryptographic attack exploits the birthday paradox?

Answer 56

Birthday cryptographic attack

Question 57

Describe a collision cryptographic attack.

Answer 57

A collision cryptographic attack aims to find two different inputs that produce the same hash value, compromising the integrity of hash functions.

Question 58

What type of cryptographic attack aims to find two inputs producing the same hash value?

Answer 58

Collision cryptographic attack

Question 59

Explain a cryptographic downgrade attack.

Answer 59

A cryptographic downgrade attack exploits weaknesses in cryptographic protocols to force communication partners to use older, less secure encryption algorithms.

Question 60

What type of attack exploits weaknesses in cryptographic protocols to force the use of less secure encryption algorithms?

Answer 60

Cryptographic downgrade attack