Types of Antibiotics Flashcards
What are most common beta-lactams?
Penicillin and ampicillin
What are the most common glycopeptides?
Vancomycin and Teicoplanin
What are ribosome inhibitors?
Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, clindamycin, and linezolid
What are the aminoglycosides used to treat?
Severe infections due to gram negative rod bacteria
What are tetracyclines?
Broad spectrum used for intracellular bacteria
What are the pros and cons of using chloramphenicol?
Pros- good for CNS infection bc BBB crossing ability
Cons- inhibits bone marrow
What are macrolides?
Broad spectrum antibiotics good for penicillin allergic patients
What are the pros and cons of using clindamycin?
Pros to treat osteomyelitis
Cons causes C. diff infection
What are Streptogramin and Linezolid used for?
Reserved only for VRE and VRSA (Gram positive resistant bacteria)
When are oxalidinones (linezolid) used?
As a last resort drug for gram-positive drug resistant bacteria
What are quinolones and what do they affect?
Synthetic bacteriocidal; inhibit type II DNA topoisomerase during DNA replication
Which antibiotics are good for use against UTIs?
Quinolones and sulfanilamides
What are quinolones good against?
Killing the toughest bacteria Pseudomonas
How do rifamycins work and what are they used for?
They inhibit bacterial transcriptase. Used primarily for mycobacterial infections and infection of prosthetic organs bc they adhere to plastic
What are the most common mycobacterial infections?
Leprosy and tuberculosis
