Types of anemia

Question 1

Ratio for hemoglobin to hematocrit

Answer 1

1:3 ratio
Example:
Hgb10
HCR 30

Question 2

What is Wintrobe’s classification of anemia?

Answer 2

Evaluation of mean corpuscle volume

Question 3

Microcytic anemia

Answer 3

MCV less than 80

Small cell

Question 4

Normocytic

Answer 4

Normal size cell

MCV 80-96

Question 5

Macrocytic Anemia

Answer 5

Abnormally large cells

MCV greater than 96

Question 6

Do RBC sizes change during life span?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Normal RBC life span

Answer 7

90-120 days

Question 8

Do RBC’s change color during life span?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

What is MCH OR MCHC

Answer 9

Mean cell hemoglobin or mean cell hemoglobin concentration

Question 10

Normal MCH

Answer 10

31-37

Question 11

Hypochromic value

Answer 11

Less than 31

Question 12

What is RDW

Answer 12

RBC distribution width

Question 13

Normal RDW

Answer 13

11.5-15

This means new cells differ in size large or smaller than old cells

Question 14

What does an elevated RDW indicate

Answer 14

Evolving micro or macrocytic anemia

Question 15

What is a reticulocyte

Answer 15

Young RBC

Question 16

How does the body try to correct an anemia

Answer 16

Increasing reticulocyte count

Question 17

Normal reticulocyte count

Answer 17

1-2%

Question 18

Normal increase of reticulocyte to anemia

Answer 18

Greater than 2%

Question 19

Evolving microcytic anemia

Answer 19

As the cell volume (MCV) decreases the cell width (RDW) increases

Question 20

Evolving macrocytic anemia

Answer 20

As the cell volume increases (MCV the cell width increases (RDW)

Question 21

Most common causes of normocytic, normochromic anemia with a NORMAL RDW

Answer 21

Acute blood loss

Anemia of chronic disease

Question 22

Hgb low
Hct low
RBC low
MCV normal 
MCH normal 
RDW normal 

What type of anemia

Answer 22

Normocytic normochromic anemia

With normal RDW

Question 23

Most common cause of macrocytic hypochromic anemia with elevated RDW

Answer 23

Iron deficiency anemia

Commonly caused by chronic low volume blood loss

Question 24

Where does the 85% of the bodies iron come from

Answer 24

Recycled old RBC

This is why blood loss causes iron deficiency

Question 25

``` Hgb low Hct low RBC low MCV low MCH low RDW high ```

Answer 25

Microcytic hypochromic anemia with elevated RDW

Question 26

Most common cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia with normal RDW

Answer 26

Alpha or beta thalassemia minor

Question 27

``` Hgb low Hct low RBC high MCV low MCH low RDW normal ```

Answer 27

Microcytic hypochromic anemia with normal RDW

Question 28

What test do you order if you suspect iron deficiency anemia

Answer 28

Ferritin level | Why not Iron serum because this is a measure of drug levels for iron- so this varies with ingestion of iron pills

Question 29

Most common cause of macrocytic normochromic anemia with elevated RDW

Answer 29

Pernicious anemia Other causes: Dietary induced B12 deficiency Folate deficiency

Question 30

``` Hgb low Hct low RBC low MCV high MCH normal RDW high ```

Answer 30

Macrocytic normochromic anemia with elevated RDW

Question 31

Causes of drug induced macrocytosis without anemia

Answer 31

``` Excessive ETOH CARBAMAZEPINE (tegrotol) Valproic acid (depakote) Phenytoin (Dilantin) Zidovudine (azt) ```

Question 32

``` Hgb normal Hct normal RBC normal MCV high MCH normal RDW normal ```

Answer 32

Drug induced macrocytosis without anemia