types + explanations for conformity Flashcards
what is conformity
yielding to group pressure
what is conformity also known as
majority influence
when does conformity occur
when an individuals behaviour and/or beliefs are influences by a larger groups of people
who made reference to the three types of conformity
Kelman
what is the weakest form of conformity
compliance
what is compliance?
an individual maintains their private views but goes along with the majority publicly in order to gain approval
what is identification
Someone may temporarily adopt the behaviour of a role model or group if they value the group and wish to be included in it
what is internalisation also known as
true conformity
what is internalisation
individuals genuinely adjust their behaviour and opinions of the group
public and private acceptance of the group’s views permanently
how can internalisation also occur
occurs through minority influence
what is informational social influence (ISI)
a motivational force to look to others for guidance in order to be correct (Desire to be right)
what situation does ISI usually occur
occurs in unfamiliar/ambiguous situations
what research supports ISI
Jenness
Lucas et al
what was the aim of the Jenness’ study
investigate if people’s judgement of jellybeans in a jar was influenced by a groups decision
what was the procedure of the Jenness study
individuals (privately) estimate the jellybeans in a jar
answers were discussed in large/small groups
groups estimate created
pps then made second private estimates
what are the positive Eval points of the Jenness study
Lab experiment - high controls
standardised procedure - replicable
quick and cheap research
found that people lowered or increased their answer depending on where their original answer was compared to the group’s estimate - ISI
what the negative Eval points of the Jenness study
lab experiment - lacks external validity (cannot be generalised)
what was the procedure of Lucas et al’s study
had a group of students
made them answer easy and hard maths questions
what are the positive Eval point of Lucas’s study
when hard questions were asked, some (if not most) pp conformed to the wrong answer
- example of ISI because they desired to be right
what are the negative Eval points of Lucas’s study
some pps never conformed due to having a high self efficacy (self-belief) within themselves and their subject
this means that not everyone is affected by ISI and those who do are more likely to suffer from a low self efficacy in their own skills
what is normative social influence
a motivational force to be liked and accepted by the group (desire to be liked)
why do we have normative social influence
wanting others to respect them and not reject/ridicule them
what research supports/shows NSI
Asch’s
Schultz’s
what are the positive Eval points of the explanations for conformity
research supports both ISI and NSI
what are the negative Eval points of the explanations for conformity
oversimplified - both processes could be involved
individual differences
people who are not bothered about being likely will not be affect by NSI or ISI
