Type Of Illnesses 2

Question 1

What are the symptoms of elevated mood in bipolar disorder?

Answer 1

Elevated + irritable mood, increased energy, inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, more talkative, flight of ideas, distractibility, involvement in high-risk activities.

Question 2

What are the treatment options for bipolar disorder?

Answer 2

Mood stabilisers (risk of toxicities), CBT, EV therapy.

Question 3

What characterizes bipolar disorders?

Answer 3

Cycling moods of high and low, including manic vs hypomanic, bipolar 1, bipolar 2, and cyclothymic disorder.

Question 4

What are psychotic disorders?

Answer 4

Distortions of perceptions with abnormalities in at least one domain; delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking + motor behavior, negative symptoms.

Question 5

What is the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia globally?

Answer 5

0.3-0.7% globally, 0.75% in Australia.

Question 6

What is the common onset age for schizophrenia?

Answer 6

Commonly early to mid-20s.

Question 7

What is disorganized thinking and behavior?

Answer 7

Conversation that lacks purpose or remains fixed on a specific issue; may switch from one topic to another (derailment or loose associations).

Question 8

What are negative symptoms of psychotic disorders?

Answer 8

Diminished emotional expression, avolition, alogia, anhedonia (pleasure).

Question 9

What is anosognosia?

Answer 9

Lack of insight / ability to understand illness, prevalent in schizophrenia.

Question 10

What are the five symptom groups of a psychotic disorder?

Answer 10

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking + behavior, negative symptoms, and reduced personality/language.

Question 11

What are the treatment options for psychotic disorders?

Answer 11

Psychopharmacology (antipsychotic medication, mood stabilisers), psychotherapy (CBT, ACT, motivational interviewing), case management, vocational therapy.

Question 12

What are typical (1st gen) antipsychotics?

Answer 12

Examples include chlorpromazine; they have more side effects.

Question 13

What are atypical (2nd gen) antipsychotics?

Answer 13

Examples include clozapine; they relieve positive and negative effects.

Question 14

What are common side effects of antipsychotics?

Answer 14

Weight gain, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular effects, sedation, hepatic effects.

Question 15

What is the role of a nurse in caring for a person with a psychotic disorder?

Answer 15

Therapeutic communication, psychoeducation, physical health promotion, psychopharmacology support, social advocacy, relapse prevention, TIC, ROC.

Question 16

What is risk assessment in mental health?

Answer 16

Essential factors to completing a risk assessment, process of risk assessment, risk areas for mental health, when to do a risk assessment.

Question 17

What are risk factors in mental health?

Answer 17

Particular features of illness, behavior, or circumstances that lead to an increased risk.

Question 18

What are risk areas in mental health?

Answer 18

Vulnerability, absence without approval, suicide, aggression; important to focus on safety, recognize strengths, and collaborate.

Question 19

What is the process of risk assessment?

Answer 19

Use of clinical judgement, standardised scales, inclusion of MDT, individuals, and their caregivers.

Question 20

When are risk assessments completed?

Answer 20

When presented to services, pre/post leave, fluctuations in mental states.