Type III Hypersensitivity

Question 1

Similar to type II reactions in that IgG or IgM is involved and destruction is complement- mediated. However, in the case of type III-associated diseases, the antigen is soluble.

Answer 1

Type III hypersensitivity

Question 2

If the immune system is overwhelmed what will happen to the complexes?

Answer 2

It will be deposit in the tissue causing damage

Question 3

Sites in which type III hypersensitivity typically occurs

Answer 3

Glomerular basement membrane, vascular endothelium, joint linings, and pulmonary alveolar membranes.

Question 4

If the target cells are large and cannot be engulfed for phagocytosis to take place, granule and lysosome contents are released by a process known as

Answer 4

Exocytosis

Question 5

T/F: Type III hypersensitivity reactions can be local or systemic, depending on where the immune complexes deposit in the body.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Classic example of a localized type III reaction demonstrated by Maurice Arthus in 1903

Answer 6

Arthus reaction

Question 7

Rabbits were challenged with an intradermal injection of the antigen that resulted in

Answer 7

Localized inflammatory reaction

Question 8

The Arthus reaction is characterized by _ and _ peaks within 3 to 8 hours and followed by a hemorrhagic necrotic lesion that may ulcerate

Answer 8

Erythema and Edema

Question 9

Neutrophils release toxic products such as

Answer 9

Oxygen-containing free radicals and proteolytic enzymes.

Question 10

These complement activate mast cells to release permeability factors

Answer 10

C3a and C5a

Question 11

Arthus reaction can sometimes be seen in humans following booster injections with

Answer 11

Tetanus, diphtheria, or measles vaccines

Question 12

Generalized type III hypersensitivity reaction that results from passive immunization of humans with animal serum.

Answer 12

Serum sickness

Question 13

Horse antiserums were used to treat infections such as

Answer 13

Diphtheria, tetanus, and pneumonia.

Question 14

Serum sickness can also occur after treatment of patients with

Answer 14

Mouse monoclonal antibodies for diseases such as cancer or autoimmune disorders

Question 15

Generalized symptoms of serum sickness appear

Answer 15

7 to 21 days after injection of the animal serum

Question 16

Type III hypersensitivity reactions can also be triggered by autologous antigens as seen in several of the autoimmune diseases like

Answer 16

SLE and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Question 17

Immune complex deposition involves multiple organs; however, the main damage occurs to the joints, skin, and glomerular basement membrane in the kidneys

Answer 17

SLE

Question 18

Immune complexes primarily cause damage to the joints.

Answer 18

RA

Question 19

Type III hypersensitivity can also be caused by

Answer 19

Components of vaccines, bee stings, treatment with certain drugs (penicillin and sulfonamides), and infections (viral hepatitis and Group A Streptococcus)

Question 20

The presence of antinuclear antibodies can be detected by

Answer 20

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Fluorescent microsphere multiplex immunoassays

Question 21

Used to determine deposition of immune complexes in the tissues.

Answer 21

Fluorescent staining of tissue section

Question 22

Rheumatoid factor can be detected by

Answer 22

Latex agglutination, nephelometry, or other immunoassays