Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 1

body’s immune system destroys cells in pancreas that produce insulin

Question 2

Target genes

Answer 2

variants of HLA genes: HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP (present antigen to T cells)
Insulin gene (INS)- precursor to insulin
Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) gene- inhibit T cell activation (cause autoimmunity)
Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) gene- autoimmunity
IL2RA and IFIH1 - promote autoimmunity

Question 3

Treatments

Answer 3

insulin therapy, blood glucose monitoring, diet, and exercise