Two Small Cities in One Small Land

Question 1

What were the important tribes that the Greeks belonged to, and what were the directions?

Answer 1

Dorians in the south and the Ionians and Aeolians in the north

Question 2

Did the Greek tribes get along?

Answer 2

No. They were always insulting each other and always felt jealous

Question 3

What was the one thing that united the Greeks?

Answer 3

Their religion and their sport

Question 4

How were religion and sport connected?

Answer 4

Sports were used to honor the gods

Question 5

Who was the father of the Gods?

Answer 5

Zeus

Question 6

What was the prize that the winner of the sports competition won?

Answer 6

A simple garland made from springs of the wild olive

Question 7

Why did the Olympic Games provide everyone an easy way to measure time?

Answer 7

They took place once every four years and were attended by all the Greeks

Question 8

What was the Delphic Oracle?

Answer 8

In addition to the Olympic Games, the Delphic Oracle brought all the Greeks together. It was a sanctuary that had a hole in the ground that vapor came through. If anyone inhaled the vapor, nothing they said would have made any sense.

Question 9

Who was Pythia?

Answer 9

The Priestess at Delphic Oracle, who sat in the hole and inhaled the vapor. Other Priests interpreted what she said as predictions of the future. Greeks from everywhere came to Delphi during hard times to receive the predictions.

Question 10

What did the Spartans who were the Dorians do when they arrived in Greece in around 1100 BC?

Answer 10

They enslaved the people who had already lived there.

Question 11

What was the Spartans one goal in life?

Answer 11

To protect themselves from others

Question 12

Who was the Spartan’s lawgiver?

Answer 12

Lycurgus

Question 13

What did the Spartans do to become tough?

Answer 13

They killed babies who seemed weak and beat boys to toughen them up

Question 14

What happened at Thermopylae in 480 BC?

Answer 14

In obedience to their law, the Spartans allowed themselves to be massacred by the Persians

Question 15

Why did the Spartans become so warlike and brave?

Answer 15

They lived in fear of their own slaves and were therefore used to it

Question 16

Where did the word ‘Draconian’ come from?

Answer 16

By an Athenian named Draco who imposed harsh laws

Question 17

Who was Solon and what did he do?

Answer 17

He was a nobleman who introduced laws in 594 BC that stated that the city’s people should decide the city affairs themselves. He made it more democratic.

Question 18

Where does the word ‘politics’ come from?

Answer 18

‘Polis’ is Greek for city, ‘politics,’ the affairs of a city

Question 19

What is a tyrant?

Answer 19

Individual noblemen who curried favor with the people to win their votes and then seized power, and were later expelled, and the Athenians really wanted to keep their democracy and did not want tyrants running the show, so they would overthrow anyone who was too popular

Question 20

Who was Pericles?

Answer 20

The one politician who had all the power, who was a tyrant because he made the Athenians think they had all the power, but it was actually his decision

Question 21

What was Pericles chief concern?

Answer 21

That Athens should maintain its power at sea and he achieved that through alliances with other Ionian cities who paid Athens for its protection and because of that, the Athenians grew rich

Question 22

What interested the Athenians the most?

Answer 22

Truth and beauty

Question 23

What was the feature of the Greek statues?

Answer 23

They were very natural and not posed

Question 24

Who was the most famous sculptor and why?

Answer 24

Phidias, because he sculpted the Greek gods and made them look more natural

Question 25

What is the Acropolis?

Answer 25

The citadel of Athens where new sanctuaries were built in the time of Pericles, because the old ones were burnt by the Persians. The Acropolis contains beautiful buildings with Greek columns.

Question 26

What was the Athenian theater like?

Answer 26

It was tied to their religion, and there were festivals held in honor of their god Dionysus (also known as Bacchus) that was open-air and had tragedies and comedies