Two

Question 0

The repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses

Answer 0

Anaphora

Question 1

A reference in a written or spoken text to another text or to some particular body of knowledge.

Answer 1

Allusion

Question 2

The repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order- for example, “you can take the boy out of the country, but you can’t take the country out of the boy.”

Answer 2

Antimetable

Question 3

The juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often in parallel structure- for example, “Place your virtues on a pedestal; put your vices under a rock.”

Answer 3

Antithesis

Question 4

An elaborate statement justifying some controversial, even contentious, position.

Answer 4

Apology

Question 5

Type of soliloquy where nature is addressed as though human.

Answer 5

Apostrophe

Question 6

In a text, the reference to words, actions, or beliefs of a person in authority as a means of supporting a claim, generalization, or conclusion.

Answer 6

Appeal to authority

Question 7

A carefully constructed, well-supported representation of how a writer sees an issue, problem, or subject.

Answer 7

Argument

Question 8

The repetition of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of two or more adjacent words.

Answer 8

Assonance

Question 9

The situation that results when a writer or speaker constructs an argument on an assumption that the audience does not accept

Answer 9

Begging of the question

Question 10

The relationship expressing, “if X is the cause, then Y is the effect,” or, “if Y is the effect, then X caused it”

Answer 10

Casual relationship

Question 11

The ultimate conclusion, generalization, or point that a syllogism or entitlement expresses. The point, backed up by support, of an argument.

Answer 11

Claim

Question 12

A sentence with one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

Answer 12

Complex sentence

Question 13

A sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.

Answer 13

Compound sentence

Question 14

The struggle of characters with themselves, with others, or with the world around them.

Answer 14

Conflict

Question 15

The implied meaning of a word

Answer 15

Connotation

Question 16

The convergence of time, place, audience, and motivating factors in which a pice of writing or a speech is situated.

Answer 16

Context

Question 17

Facts, statistics, and examples that a speaker or writer offers in support of a claim, generalization, or conclusion.

Answer 17

Data

Question 18

The dictionary definition of a word, in contrast to its connotation, or implied meaning.

Answer 18

Denotation

Question 19

The omission of words, the meaning of which is provided by the overall context of a passage.

Answer 19

Ellipsis

Question 20

The repetition of a group of words at the end of successive clauses- for example, “They saw no evil, they spoke no evil, and they heard no evil.”

Answer 20

Epistrophe

Question 21

A word or phrase adding a characteristic to a persons name- for example, “Richard the lion-hearted.”

Answer 21

Epithet

Question 22

An indirect expression of unpleasant information in such a way as to lessen its impact- for example, saying a persons position was eliminated rather than saying the person was fired.

Answer 22

Euphemism

Question 23

In ancient roman oratory, the introduction of a speech, meant to draw the audience into the speech.

Answer 23

Exordium

Question 24

Language dominated by the use of schemes and tropes.

Answer 24

Figurative Language

Question 25

A point that a speaker or writer generates on the basis of considering a number of particular examples.

Answer 25

Generalization

Question 26

In ancient Roman oratory, the method that speakers used to memorize their speeches, connecting the introduction to the porch of a house, the narration and partition the the front foyer, the confirmation and refutation to rooms connected to the foyer, and the conclusion to the back door.

Answer 26

House Analogy

Question 27

Language that evokes sensation or emotional intensity.

Answer 27

Imagery

Question 28

A metaphor embedded in a sentence rather than expressed directly as a sentence. For example, “his voice cascaded through the hallways” contains an implied metaphor; “his voice was a cascade of emotion” contains a direct metaphor.

Answer 28

Implied metaphor

Question 29

A conclusion that a reader or listener reaches by means of his or her own thinking rather than by direct statement in a text.

Answer 29

Inference

Question 30

The goal a writer or speaker hopes to achieve with the text- for example, to clarify difficult material, to inform, to convince, or to persuade. Also called aim and purpose.

Answer 30

Intention

Question 31

Writing or speaking that implies the contrary of what is actually written or spoken.

Answer 31

Irony

Question 32

The specialized vocabulary of a particular group.

Answer 32

Jargon

Question 33

Vocabulary characterized by the choice of elaborate, often complicated words derived from Latin roots.

Answer 33

Latinate diction

Question 34

Understatement

Answer 34

Litotes

Question 35

An entity referred to by one of its attributes or associations- for example, “the admission office claims applications have risen.”

Answer 35

Metonymy

Question 36

A systematic aid to memory.

Answer 36

Mnemonic device

Question 37

Juxtaposed words with seemingly contradictory meanings

Answer 37

Oxymoron

Question 38

A statement that seems untrue on the surface but is true nonetheless.

Answer 38

Paradox

Question 39

An insertion of material that interrupts the typical flow of a sentence.

Answer 39

Parenthesis

Question 40

Kenneth Burkes system for analyzing motives and actions in communication. The five points of the Pentax are act, agent, agency, scene, and purpose.

Answer 40

Pentad

Question 41

The substitution of an attributive word or phrase for a proper name, or the use of a proper name to suggest a personality characteristic. For example, “Pete Rose- better known as ‘Charlie Hustle’- admitted his gambling problems.”

Answer 41

Periphrasis

Question 42

In ancient Roman oratory, the part of the speech in which the speaker would draw together the entire argument and include material designed to compel the audience to think or act in a way consonant with the central argument.

Answer 42

Peroration

Question 43

The character that a writer or speaker conveys to the audience; the plural is personae.

Answer 43

Persona

Question 44

Referring to the moving back and forth from invention to revision in the process of writing.

Answer 44

Recursive

Question 45

In ancient roman oratory, the part of speech in which the speaker would anticipate objections to the points being raised and counter them.

Answer 45

Refutation

Question 46

A writers or speakers apparent attitude toward the audience.

Answer 46

Stance

Question 47

The choices that writers or speakers make in language for effect.

Answer 47

Style

Question 48

A part of something used to refer to the whole

Answer 48

Synecdoche

Question 49

A trope in which one word, usually a noun or the main verb, governs two other words not related in meaning- for example, “ he maintained a business and his innocence.”

Answer 49

Zeugma