Tutoring Questions Flashcards
A six year old boy presents with symptoms of an acute bacterial infection, including pleocytosis, nausea, purulent nasal discharge, tympanic membranes with serous exudate, nuchal rigidity, purulent conjunctivitis, and a fever. How long will it take for IgG to rise (to mount a specific response)?
a. 4 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 48 hours
d. 96 hours
e. 126 hours
d. 96 hours
A 13 year old female comes into the ER with headache, stiff neck, back pain, sore throat with purulence. When you see the gram stain it is positive for gram negative bacteria. What PRR in your innate immune system would recognize this?
a. NLR
b. Mannose Receptor
c. TLR4
d. TLR2
e. TLR6
f. TLR3
c. TLR4
A neutrophil in the blood senses IL-8 and begins to transmigrate to get from the blood into the tissue. What will be the first interaction between the neutrophil and the endothelium?
a. Integrin high affinity state
b. Selectin
c. Fc receptor
d. Integrin low affinity state
e. C5a
b. Selectin
Which of the following is a function of macrophages?
a. lysis of virally infected cells
b. killing parasites
c. release histamine
d. phagocytosis and bactericidal mechanisms, antigen presentation
d. phagocytosis and bactericidal mechanisms, antigen presentation
A little boy just got over an infection and his body is now in the process of healing itself. Which of the following would be most predominant in the healing process?
a. M1 macrophages
b. M2 macrophage
c. NK cells
d. Neutrophils
e. B cells
b. M2 macrophage
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of NK cells?
a. Develop from T cell precursor
b. Produce IFN-gamma
c. Part of the innate immune system
d. Recognize MHC I on other cells and the inhibitory receptor inhibits activation
e. Kill virally infected cells when they recognize MHC I
e. Kill virally infected cells when they recognize MHC I
A 19 year old man comes to the physician with bacterial infection. Without treatment, the patients immune system will most likely be able to fight off the infection within a few days. One of the tools the patient’s body uses against the organism is the membrane attack complex. The MAC functions as which of the following?
a. A chemoattractant for neutrophils
b. An anaphylactic signal causing degranulation of mast cells
c. An opsonization molecule, facilitating phagocytosis
d. A proteinaceous pore in the plasma membrane
e. A scaffold on cell membranes to which antibodies can bind
d. A proteinaceous pore in the plasma membrane
A 12 year old boy went to his school nurse with fever and chills. He got over strep last month but after running a rapid strep the nurse confirmed the boy had strep throat again. His fever is 100*F. He was sent home with antibiotics. Which of the following is important for detecting gram positive strep bacteria?
a. TLR 2/6
b. TLR 4
c. TLR 3
d. TLR 5
e. TLR 9
a. TLR 2/6
13 year old boy is diagnosed with hyperactive immune system. Normally an Ag will activate the immune system to trigger a pro inflammatory response. Following pro inflammatory response, anti-inflammatory signals dampen the immune response to prevent collateral damage. Which of the following is anti-inflammatory?
a. IFN-gamma
b. IL-1
c. TNF-alpha
d. TGF-beta
e. IL-6
d. TGF-beta
and IL-10
After your innate immune system has been activated it will help to activate your adaptive immune cells. Your B and T cells develop and mature separately. Where do CD3+ cells mature?
a. Thymus
b. Bone Marrow
c. GALT
d. Lymph Node
e. Spleen
a. Thymus
The immune system is active and responding to an infection in the host. An APC presents an Ag to the T cell but there is no interaction with B7 1/2 with CD28. What will happen to the T cell?
a. Become an active T cell because the Ag was presented to it
b. it will interact with the APC via CD40-CD40L
c. It will become an anergia T cell
d. It will apoptosis right away
c. It will become an anergia T cell
Over the years you notice that your friend gets infections very easily and so you urge her to see a doctor. She found out she has a mutation in her CD40-CD40L interaction. You explain to her that she has an immunodeficiency. What else would you tell her that would be affected by a mutation in CD40-CD40L?
a. Complement will be unable to work via lectin pathway
b. IgA will be the predominant Ab in circulation
c. Her B cells cannot get activated by her T cells so there will be limited isotype switching
d. Her T cells cannot get co-stimulation from her B cells so that is why she has been getting sick all the time
c. Her B cells cannot get activated by her T cells so there will be limited isotype switching
B cells are an important component of the adaptive immune system. They are able to secrete Ab’s to help eliminate microbes. Which of the following is a B cell receptor and what can it respond to?
a. MHC I, lipids, carbs, proteins
b. IgG, lipids, carbs, proteins
c. IgM, lipids, carbs, proteins
d. IgA, proteins only
e. CD20, proteins only
c. IgM, lipids, carbs, proteins
Which of the following is an antigen presenting cell (APC)?
a. Neutrophil
b. Dendritic cell
c. T cell
d. Mast cell
e. Monocyte
b. Dendritic cell
Neutrophils present self-antigens to CD8+ T cells via what 2 components in their peptide binding domain?
a. alpha1, alpha2
b. alpha3, alpha2
c. beta1, beta2 microglobulin
d. alpha1, beta1
e. alpha1, beta2
a. alpha1, alpha2
