Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology of Cancer > Tutorials 5 - 8 - Breast, Bladder, Lung, Lymphoma > Flashcards

Tutorials 5 - 8 - Breast, Bladder, Lung, Lymphoma Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Outline the breast screening programme

A

Women aged 47 - 73 - mammogram every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What sort of cancer does a density suggest?

Calcification?

A

Density - invasive

Calcification - DCIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What sort of cancer is most common in the breast?

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is DCIS?

A

Ductal carcinoma in situ

Limited to ducts and lobules by BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Paget’s disease?

A

Malignant cells spread to nipple skin without crossing BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is luminal A?
What is luminal B?
Basal-like?

A 
A = ER +ve, her2 -ve
B = ER +ve only 
Basal-like = ER -ve, PR -ve, her2 -ve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a germline mutation in p53 called?

A

Lee-Fraumeni syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does breast cancer typically met to?

A

Bone, brain, lung, liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the triple approach to breast cancer diagnosis

A
  • History and examination
  • Imaging
  • Biopsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What sort of cancer affects the bladder?

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give 3 risk factors for bladder cancer apart from sex and age

A
  • Smoking
  • Exposure to dyes
  • Kidney stones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is bladder cancer diagnosed/treated?

A

TURBT - Transurethral resection of bladder tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of cancer affects the prostate?

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is prostate cancer graded?

A

Gleason grading system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two major causes of lung cancer?

A

Smoking - polycyclical aromatic hydrocarbons

Asbestos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are lung cancers classified?

A
  • Small cell
  • Non-small cell -
    • Adenocarcinoma
    • SCC
    • Large cell
17
Q

What is the most common type of lung cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma

18
Q

Which are worse prognostically - small cell or non-small cell lung cancers? Why?

A

Small cell - very hard to resect so less chance of cure

19
Q

Outline the process of how cigarette smoke causes lung cancer

A
  • Irritates bronchi
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelia metaplase to strat squamous
  • Carcinogens within metaplastic regions cause neoplasia
20
Q

What is the main cause of mesothelioma?

A

Asbestos

21
Q

What is lymphoma?

A

Malignancy of the lymphoid system

22
Q

How is lymphoma categorised broadly speaking?

A

Hodgkin

Non-Hodgkin

23
Q

What are the “B” symptoms of lymphoma?

Therefore what is a key DDx

A
  • Weight loss
  • Fever
  • Night sweats
    TB!

Biology of Cancer (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions