Tutorial 2 Flashcards
Define Disease
Symptoms, signs- diagnosis. the Bio-medical perspective
Define Illness
The ideas, concerns, expectations - experience of the patient
Medical factors affecting the uptake of care
New symptoms
Visible symptoms
Increasing severity
Duration
Non-medical factors affecting the uptake of care
Crisis Pressure from friends and family Patient beliefs Expectations Social class Economic Psychological Environmental Cultural Ethnicity Age Gender Media
What are the 3 main aims of epidemiology? Give a brief explanation
Description - the amount and distrabution of disease
Explanation - to use the data along with other discaplines (eg biochem) to identify the natural history and aetiogical factors for a disease
Disease control - using the informations to provide basis for preventative measures, public health practices and therapy that can be implemented, monitored and evaluated.
What does epidemiology look for?
Aetiological cluses, scope for preventation and high risk or priority groups
How is a rate/ratio of a disease in a population calculated?
events/population at risk
What does relative risk measure?
Strength of association by dividing the insidence of a “exposed group” by that of an “unexposed group”
Sources of epidemiological data
Mortality data Hospital activity stats Accident stats Cancer stats Heath and household surveys Social security database NHS expenditure
Define health literacy
Health literacy is about people having the knowledge, skills, understanding and confidence to use health information, to be active partners in their care, and to navigate health and social care systems.
What is a descriptive study
describes the amount + distrabution of disease (doesnt look at cause)
What is an analytic cross sectional study
observations made @ one single time
What is an analytic case control study
groups compared againts controls
What is an analytic cohort study
a group without disease followed up
What is a randomised control trial
experiments used to test a hypothesis
