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G9 History > Turning points in modern South African history since 1948 > Flashcards

Turning points in modern South African history since 1948 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) written?

A

December 1948 ( after world war II )

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2
Q

What was the aim of the United Nations? (or the Universal declaration which was the policy written by them)

A
  • Prevent future wars
  • Prevent of diseases
  • Destruction of the environment
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3
Q

The United Nations (UN) was formed to replace what?

A

League of Nations

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4
Q

What was the goal of the UNO?

A
  • Keep peace among the countries of the world
  • Promote human rights
  • Improve living conditions in poorer parts of the world
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5
Q

What did the UDHR define?

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

A

-Human rights of dignity
-Equality
-Justice
for all people in the world

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6
Q

What is the definition of racism?

A

false idea that certain groups of people are better than others

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7
Q

What is apartheid?

A
  • Apartness

- Is an inhuman policy which kept white South Africans separate from black South Africans.

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8
Q

What is an idealogy?

A

is a set of beliefs, values and ideas

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9
Q

What is a myth?

A

a story that is not true, that tries to explain something

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10
Q

When did apartheid rule in South Africa?

A

1948 to 1994

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11
Q

What were the four racial groups identified in the apartheid era?

A
  • 1.Whites
    1. Coloureds
    1. Indians
    1. Blacks
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12
Q

What were the beliefs of the White person during the Apartheid era?

A
  • that they were superior

- and that led to prejudice, discrimination and oppression.

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13
Q

How did the beliefs of the white person during the apartheid era show up in history?

A

it showed up as:

  • slavery
  • colonisation,
  • genocide
  • the Holocoust and -apartheid.
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14
Q

In terms of what have some race groups been discriminated against?

A
  • education and job opportunities

- which led or resulted in poverty

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15
Q

The National Party and apartheid: when did the Nationalists come into power?

A

1948 when diamonds were discovered .

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16
Q

How was racial segregation and separation practiced in SA before 1948

A
  • 1948 when diamonds were discovered

- Blacks were not allowed to buy land or own claims.

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17
Q

What happened in 1910?

A

black people had no say in new Union government.

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18
Q

What happened in 1913?

A

Land Act took away the right to buy or farm land

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19
Q

What happened in 1924?

A

Skilled work was reserved for white people only

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20
Q

What happened in 1926?

A

The colour bar act this did not allow Black people to get certificates for skilled work

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21
Q

What happened in 1936?

A

Black people who qualify for a vote in the Cape where removed from the common voters roll

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22
Q

Who are the “Born Frees”?

A

South Africans born after the end of Apartheid, after 1994

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23
Q

The Nationalists came into power in 1948, how many laws did they pass?

A

148 laws

24
Q

What was the Nationalist Party’s aim?

A
  • Increase the power and living standards of whites
  • Increase the separation of races
  • Control the movement of black people
25
Q

What are the main apartheid laws?

A 
PIGSPSSBB
(Pigs Piss Black Beer)
-Prohibitation  of mixed marriages Act 1949
-Immorality Amendment Act 1950
-Population registration Act 1950
-Group areas act 1950
-Suppression of communism Act 1951
-Pass Laws 1952
-Separate Amenities Act 1953
-Black Labour relations regulation Act 1953
-Black Education Act 1953
26
Q

What is Bantustan?

A

a negative word for the reserves where black people where meant to be citizens.

27
Q

What was the idea behind Bantustan?

A
  • A homeland system

- to get every African to go back to his or here original ethnic homeland (which where then called reserves)

28
Q

What did the government create, and what was it based on?

A

Homelands, they where based on the language the people spoke

29
Q

Which four homelands chose independence?

check picture on page 186

A
  • TRANSKEI – 1976
  • BOPHUTHATSWANA – 1977
  • VENDA – 1979
  • CISKEI – 1981
30
Q

When was the communist party formed in South Africa?

A

1921

31
Q

When was the communist party banned in South Africa?

A

1950

32
Q

What did the ban mean for the Communist party?

A
  • This meant that they had to go underground

- meetings had to be held in secret

33
Q

What happened if someone was found carrying a communist membership card?

A

-arrested and received 10 year jail sentence

34
Q

What does the ANC stand for?

A

African National Congress

35
Q

When was the ANC formed?

A

1912

36
Q

Who were the young leaders of the ANC

A
  • Nelson Mandela
  • Walter Sisulu
  • Oliver Tambo
37
Q

What did the Young leaders were Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo form?

A

They formed the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL)

38
Q

Why did they form the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL)?

A
  • because they felt that the old mean leading the ANCE were too moderate
  • they wanted to adopt a more aggressive approach to resisting apartheid
39
Q

Who was the ANC president in 1949?

A

James Moroka

40
Q

What did James Moroka do?

A
  • He adopted the Programme of Action

- which was aimed at rejecting white leadership and racial segregation

41
Q

How were they going to achieve political independence and reject white leadership and racial segregation?

A

Through:

  • Civil disobedience
  • Work stoppages
  • Mass action
  • Strikes
  • Boycotts
42
Q

When did the defiance campaign start?

A

26 June 1952

43
Q

How did the Defiance Campaign start?

A
  • started with mass rallies and protests
  • led by
  • Nelson Mandela,
  • Walter Sisulu,
  • Yusuf Naidoo,
  • Moses Kotane
  • JB Marks
44
Q

What did the protestors do in the Defiance campaign?

A
  • they deliberately broke minor apartheid laws, like:
  • Going through white only entrances
  • Sitting at white only parks
45
Q

What was the lifetime of Mahatma Ganhi (year born and died)

A

1869 to 1948

46
Q

for how long was Mahatma Ganhi in South Africa for?

A

1893 to 1915

47
Q

What did Mahatma Ganhi believe in?

A

passive resistance

48
Q

What was the Freedom Charter?

A

A document drawn up calling for a Non-racial SA

  • people should be treated equally
  • right to social security
  • right to education
49
Q

What happened in 1955?

A

Police conducted raids on homes of 500 activists all over the country

50
Q

Why did they do these raids?

A

They were searching for evidence of treason

51
Q

When were activists arrested?

A

December 1956

52
Q

How many activists were arrested?

A

156

53
Q

How many activists of each race were arrested?

A
  • 105 Africans
  • 21 Indians
  • 23 Whites
  • 7 Coloureds
54
Q

When did the Women’s March take place?

A

9th August 1956

55
Q

What happened 9th August 1956?

A

20 000 women marched to the Union buildings in Pretoria

56
Q

Why did these Women March?

A

Protesting about the carrying of passes.

57
Q

Who were the leaders of the March?

A 
Rahima Moosa
Lillian Ngoyi
Helen Joseph
Sophia Williams
Albertina Sisulu

G9 History (10 decks)

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