turf weeds quiz 2

Question 1

what are some PGR’s used for golf courses?

Answer 1

• Embark T&O (ABG seedhead suppression)
• Trimmit/Turf Enhancer (ABG growth suppression)
• Cutless (ABG growth suppression)
• Primo MAXXX (enhances ABG persistence, safest during summer stress periods)
• Proxy (ABG seedhead suppression)

Question 2

Poa seedheads can turn your green what color?

Answer 2

White

Question 3

What is mefluidide and when should you apply it?

Answer 3

Embark Lite/ T&O, apply as first seeheads enter boot stage in early spring. Second application is needed in 2-3 weeks

Question 4

What is ethephon? does it control poa?

Answer 4

Proxy 2S, and no it suppresses the seeheads

Question 5

What is Trinexapec-ethyl and what does it do?

Answer 5

Primo MAXXX

• improves ABG ability to tolerate summer stress
• improves quality of turf grown in shade
• discolors turf less than other PGR’s
• imporves green speed
• mostly used in summer in CBG for safety issues

Question 6

What is Paclobutrazol, explain why and when it is used

Answer 6

Trimmit, it is used in multiple applications in the spring and fall to help CBG outcompete ABG and they also have pre-emergence activity on ABG

Question 7

What is Flurprimidol, explain why and when it is used

Answer 7

Cutless, it is used in multiple applications in the spring and fall to help CBG outcompete ABG and they also have pre-emergence activity on ABG

Question 8

What color will trimmit and cutless turn the ABG and CBG in your green?

Answer 8

turns ABG yellow and CBG blue-green

Question 9

Is it safe to apply preemergence herbicides to greens?

Answer 9

no its too risky

Question 10

What is methiozolin?

Answer 10

PoaCure, possibly available in 2015, very expensive and marketed for greens use. best pre + post activity on ABG in CBG found

Question 11

is herbicide resistance common in turf? what can be done to reduce resistance?

Answer 11

No very rare, mostly grassy weeds (ABG and goosegrass). Grow good grass and rotate herbicide mode of action

Question 12

Preemergence herbicides are applied when?

Answer 12

prior to germination of the target weed

Question 13

postemergence herbicides are applied when?

Answer 13

after weeds have emerged

Question 14

contact herbicides doe what?

Answer 14

enter and actively destroy only only those tissues contacted

Question 15

what kind of herbicides are absorbed and translocated throughout the plant

Answer 15

systemic herbicides

Question 16

what kind of herbicides control the target weed without damaging the turf

Answer 16

selective herbicides

Question 17

what kind of herbicides injure or kill all vegetation

Answer 17

non selective herbicides

Question 18

herbicide use is based mainly on what?

Answer 18

weed abundance as well as weed species present

Question 19

select a registered ______ and apply at the _____________

Answer 19

herbicide, appropriate time

Question 20

broadleaf weeds are usually targeted when? and with what?

Answer 20

spring and fall with postemergence herbicide

Question 21

Proper timing is ______

Answer 21

critical to success

Question 22

Annual grasses are best treated with what?

Answer 22

preemergence herbicide

Question 23

define spectrum

Answer 23

does the herbicide control a specific weed or groups of weeds

Question 24

most preemergence herbicides have _________ lasting _______

Answer 24

soil residuals, 6-12 weeks

Question 25

most preemergence herbicides inhibit root initiation and or root growth by?

Answer 25

cell division or cell elongation

Question 26

what do photosynthetic inhibitors do? what happens to the plant

Answer 26

block photosynthesis, plant dies from a combination of starvation and the product of toxic metabolites

Question 27

what are steriliants? should they be used on a golf course?

Answer 27

non-selective chemicals that have long soil residuals and are capable of moving in soil. absolutely not

Question 28

what are fumigants used for? what to do they do

Answer 28

to sterilize seedbeds. they destroy nearly all plants, seeds, insects, nematodes and many other microorganisms by inhibiting respirations

Question 29

what are some mechanical and chemical ways to control

Answer 29

plugging out, spot treat with non-selective herbicide, PGR’s, pre-herbicides

Question 30

what can we do on our greens for poa?

Answer 30

• improve growing conditions
• collect clippings when seedheads are present
• spoon feed N in summer
• avoid winter or dormant N applications
• core late summer before poa germinates
• vigilant plugging or spot treat (finale)
• restrict irrigation in summer
• PGR’s (cutless & trimmit)

Question 31

How do PGR’s help us?

Answer 31

• reduce clippngs & mowing demands
• improve/maintain consistent green speed
• improve density and ball lie
• management of summer stress
• may increase disease control residual of fungicides
• increases carbohydrate reserves
• suppresses poa annua seedheads and/or growth/competitiveness

Question 32

what can we do to control poa on our tees fairways and green surrounds?

Answer 32

• improve environment
• use triplex (lighter mowers)
• collect clippings when seedheads are present
• restrict irrigation in summer
• core late summer before poa germinates
• avoid winter or dormant N applications
• herbicides & PGR’s

Question 33

what are the non-phenoxy herbicides?

Answer 33

banvel, confront, turflon ester, lontrel, drive, spotlight