Tumours of the Small Bowel

Question 1

What are the three types of primary tumours ?

Answer 1

lymphomas
carcinoid tumours
carcinomas

Question 2

primary tumours are ___

Answer 2

rare

Question 3

where can you get secondary tumours from? 3

Answer 3

ovary, colon, stomach

Question 4

If the cancer has spread diffusely along the small bowel wall - the tumour cannot be _____, this is an important diagnostic sign

Answer 4

resected

Question 5

where are lymphomas most commonly found?

Answer 5

in the ileum

Question 6

They are all ___-_____ in type (means that the cancer develops in the lymphatic system) and must be distinguished from ___ or ____ lymphomas involving the gut _____

Answer 6

They are all non-hodgkins in type (means that the cancer develops in the lymphatic system) and must be distinguished from peripheral or nodal lymphomas involving the gut secondarily

Question 7

most lymphomas are _____

Answer 7

maltomas

Question 8

what are maltomas

Answer 8

B cell derived

Question 9

T cell lymphomas are rarer but show a strong association with ____ disease (enteropathy associated )

Answer 9

coeliac

Question 10

T cell lymphomas are very _____, ___ ____ tumours

Answer 10

aggressive, high stage

Question 11

what is the treatment for lymphoma ? 2

Answer 11

surgery and chemo

Question 12

where is the commonest site for carcinoid tumours (endocrine) ?

Answer 12

appendix

Question 13

what do the carcinoid tumours look like?

Answer 13

they are small, yellow, slow growing

locally invasive

Question 14

what can carcinoid tumours cause? 3

Answer 14

intussusception - which is an inversion of one portion of the intestine within another

obstruction

paraneoplastic effects

Question 15

what are paraneoplastic effects?

Answer 15

tumour producing hormone like substances

Question 16

what are some signs of carcinoid tumour metastasizes to the liver?

Answer 16

flushing and diarrhoea

produce 5HT

Question 17

carcinoid tumours arise from cells of the n_____ type which are mixed through the ______ cells in the intestine

Answer 17

neuroendocrine, epithelial

Question 18

what are neuronendocrine cells also known as and what is their function

Answer 18

• APUD cells or enterochromaffin cells

- They produce a wide range of peptides

Question 19

Neuroendocrine tumours have a better prognosis than _______

Answer 19

adenocarcinoma

Question 20

what are carcinoma of the small bowel associated with?

Answer 20

crohn’s and coeliac disease

Question 21

what do neuroendocrine tumours look like histologically?

Answer 21

Nests and islands of monotonous uniform cells

Question 22

carcinoma are identical to ___- ____ in appearance

Answer 22

colorectal carcinoma

Question 23

carcinoma can metastasise to ___ ___ and ____

Answer 23

lymph nodes and liver

Question 24

carcinoma: Adenomatous lesions are well recognised in the _____

Answer 24

duodenum

Question 25

who most commonly gets the adenomatous lesions?

Answer 25

in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)