Tumour Pathology 1 Flashcards
What is a tumour and characteristics?
An abnormal growing mass of tissue, growth is uncoordinated with surrounding tissue, growth continues after removal of stimulus that may have caused tumour, an irreversible change.
What are the two groups of tumours?
Benign and malignant
What is the fundamental property of cancer?
Its ability to invade into adjacent tissue and to metastasise and grow at other sites within the body.
Why do we classify tumours?
Important for understanding tumour behaviour and for determining outcome and selecting therapy.
What is classification of tumours based on?
Based on tissue of origin and whether it is benign or malignant.
What would be the nomenclature for a benign glandular tumour?
Adenoma
What would be the nomenclature for a benign squamous tumour?
Squamous papilloma
What would be the nomenclature for a malignant glandular tumour?
Adeno-carcinoma
What would be the nomenclature for a malignant squamous tumour?
Squamous carcinoma
What is the suffix for tumours which are malignant?
-oma
What is the suffix for a tumour which is malignant and in connective tissue?
-sarcoma
What is the suffix for a tumour which is malignant and in epithelium?
-carcinoma
What would be the nomenclature for a malignant bone tumour?
Osteo-sarcoma
What would be the nomenclature for a benign fat tumour?
Lipoma
What would be the nomenclature for a malignant white blood cell tumour?
Leukaemia
What would be the nomenclature for a malignant lymphoid tissue tumour?
Lymphoma
What would be the nomenclature for A) a benign melanocyte tumour and B) a malignant melanocyte tumour?
A) naevus B) melanoma
What would be the nomenclature for a tumour of A) the CNS and B) the PNS?
A) astrocytoma B) schwannoma
What would be the nomenclature for a germ cell tumour?
Teratoma
Which teratomas are usually malignant?
Testicular teratomas
What are the features of a benign tumour?
Non-invasive growth pattern, usually encapsulated, no evidence of invasion, no metastases, cells similar to normal, ‘well-differentiated’, functions similar to normal tissue, rarely causes death.
What are the features of a malignant tumour?
Invasive growth pattern, no capsule or the capsule has been breached by tumour cells, cells abnormal, ‘poorly differentiated’, loss of normal function, evidence of spread of cancer, frequently cause death.
