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Adams 10th > Tumors > Flashcards

Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Possible gene defect in familial schwannomatosis

A

Mutations in SMARCB1 gene on chrom 22

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2
Q

T or F

Schwannoma practically always arise fr vestibular rather than cochlear division of CN VIII, just within IAC

A

True

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3
Q

Contrast CT will detect all vestibular schwannomas that are larger than ____ cm in diam and project further than ____ cm into the CPA

A

2 cm

1.5 cm

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4
Q

Most sensitive test to check for acoustic schwannoma

A

Brainstem evoked auditory response

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5
Q

Treatment for vestibular schwannoma

A

Surgical excision (microsurgical suboccipital transmeatal approach or translabyrinthine approach) OR

Focused radiation
OR focused radiation with gamma knife or proton beam in cases of recurrent tumor OR

Bevacizumab to reduce size of tumor in NF2

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6
Q

Contents of suprasellar epidermoid cyst

A

Dark albuminous fluid
Cholesterol crystals
Calcium deposits

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7
Q

Sxs of children with craniopharyngioma

A 
Visual loss
Diabetes insipidus
Adiposity
Delayed physical and mental devt
Headaches
Vomiting
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8
Q

Sxs of adults with craniopharyngioma

A 
Waning libido
Amenorrhea
Slight spastic weakness of one or both legs
Headache w/o papilledema
Failing vision
Mental dullness
Confusion
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9
Q

Purplish red, highly vascular tumor composed of large epitheloid cells, arranged in an alveolar pattern aand possessing an abundant capillary network

A

Glomus jugulare tumor

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10
Q

From minute clusters of nonchromaffin paraganglioma cells (glomus bodies) found mainly in adventitia of dome of jugular bulb immediately below the floor of middle ear, as well as in multiple other sites in and around the temporal bone

A

Glomus jugulare tumor

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11
Q

Fr small aggregate of paraganglioma cells of neuroectodermal type

A

Carotid body tumor or paraganglioma

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12
Q

Many times more frequent in individuals living at high altitudes

A

Carotid body tumor or paraganglioma

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13
Q

Source of TIA in 5-15% of 600 cases

A

Carotid body tumor or paraganglioma

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14
Q

paraganglioma has been seen in combination with the ff diseases

A

Von recklinghausen NF type 1

Von hippel-lindau dse

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15
Q

Adenomas of pituitary are most often composed of what cells?

A

Chromophobe cells (4-20x as common as acidophil cell adenomas)

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16
Q

Hormones produce by either a chromophobe or an acidophil cell

A

Prolactin
GH
TSH

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17
Q

Hormones produce by basophil cells

A

ACTH
LH
FSH
beta-lipotropin

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18
Q 
Percentage of pituitary tumors in both men and women are...
prolactin secreting?
GH secreting? 
ACTH?
Gonadotropins and TSH?
A

60-70%

10-15%

Smaller #

Rare

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19
Q

Differential diagnoses for bitemporal hemianopia with a normal size sella

A

Saccular aneurysm of circle of willis
Meningioma of tuberculum sellae
Multiple sclerosis
Eventration of a greatly hydrocephalic third ventricle

20
Q

Caused by the excessive secretion of pituitary ACTH, which, in turn, causes adrenal hyperplasia; the usual basis is a pituitary adenoma

A

Cushing disease

21
Q

Percent of GH secreting tumors and prolactinomas will recur at 1 year postoperatively

A

15%

22
Q

Effects of cortisol excess fr any one of several sources — excessive admin of steroids ( most common), adenoma of adrenal cortex, ACTH- producing bronchia Ca

A

Cushing syndrome

23
Q

Increased concentration of plasma and urinary cortisol; these levels are not suppressed by admin of relaticely small doses of dexamethasone 0.5mg QID, are suppressed by high doses at 8mg OD

A

Cushing disease

24
Q

Low ACTH plus
High cortisol in blood plus
Increased free cortisol in urine plus
Nonsuppression of adrenal fxn after admin of high doses of dexamethasone

A

Cushing syndrome

25
Q

New growth hormone receptor antagonist used to reduce many of the manifestations of acromegaly

A

Pegvisomont

26
Q

Factors that may precipitate the necrosis or hemorrhage of a pituitary tumor

A 
Anticoagulation
Pituitary function test
Radiation
Bromocriptine tx
Head trauma
27
Q

Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary, without a tumor, followed by hypopituitarism, most common being in partum or postpartum period

A

Sheehan syndrome

28
Q

In gliomas of the brainstem, particularly astrocytomas…
True or False?

Patients who had long tract signs as their initial manifestations survive longer than those whose illness begins with CN palsies

A

True

29
Q

DDX for pontine astrocytoma

A

Pontine form of MS
Cavernous hemangioma
Brainstem encephalitis

30
Q

Longer survival in adults with pontine glioma as compared to children, median # of months?

A

54 months

31
Q

DDX for monocular blindness with proptosis

A

Glioma of optic nerve and chiasm

Medial sphenoid, olfactory groove, and intraorbital meningiomas

32
Q

Soft, jelly-like, gray-pink growth that arises fr remnants of the primitive notochord;
Located most often within the clivus and in the sacrococcygeal region

A

Chordoma

33
Q

Cords or masses of large cells with granules of glycogen in their cytoplasm and often with multiple nuclei and intracellular mucoid material

A

Chordoma

34
Q

Neck pain radiating to vertex of the skull on neck flexion

A

Chordoma

35
Q

One of the rare causes of syndromes involving multiple CNs or cauda equina

A

Chordoma

36
Q

DDX of lesions that may present both as an intracranial and extracranial mass

A 
Chordoma
Meningioma
Neurofibroma
Glomus jugulare tumor
Carcinoma of sinuses or pharynx
Midline (Wegener) granulomas
Histiocytosis
Erdheim- chester disease
Sarcoidosis
Chondrosarcoma of clivus
37
Q

Pain in suboccipital or posterior cervical region mostly on the side of the tumor
Around the clock paralysis
Atrophic weakness of the hand or forearm or even intercostal ms with diminished tendon reflexes below level of tumor
Sensation of intense cold in neck and shoulders
Bands of hyperesthesia around the neck and back of the head
Segmental bibrachial sensory loss
Lhermitte sign

A

Tumors of the foramen magnum

38
Q

Systemic malignant tumors that metastasize to basal skull bones

A

Prostate
Lung
Breast

39
Q

Reliable marker for lung cancer in pxs with sensory neuronopathy

A

Anti-Hu antibody

40
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome that is due to antibodies directed against the metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR5

A

Ophelia syndrome

41
Q

Diagnostic triad of paraneoplastic retinopathy

A

Photosensitivity
Ring scotomas
Attenuation of retinal arterioles

42
Q

Autoantibody involved in Stiff Person Syndrome (but not to stiff woman syndrome)

A

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)

43
Q

Autoantibody involved in choree fibrillaire of Morvan

A

Anti- VGKC

44
Q

Autoantibody involved in LEMS

A

Anti-VGCC

45
Q

Autoantibody involved in basal ganglionic syndromes particularly chorea

A

Anti-Hu

Anti-CRMP-5

Adams 10th (1 decks)

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