Tumor Supressor Genes

Question 1

How do tumors, suppressor genes cause cancer?

Answer 1

Through a loss of function mutation in both alleles

Question 2

APC

Answer 2

Negative regulator of B-catenin/WNT pathway
Colorectal cancer (FAP)

Question 3

BRCA1/BRCA2

Answer 3

BRCA1/BRCA2 proteins
Breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers

Question 4

CDNK2A

Answer 4

P16, blocks G1 to S phase
Many cancers

Question 5

DCC

Answer 5

DCC-Deleted in colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer

Question 6

SMAD4 (DPC4)

Answer 6

DPC- deleted in pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer

Question 7

MEN1

Answer 7

MENin
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Question 8

NF1

Answer 8

Neurofibromin (RAS GTPase activating protein)
Neurofibromatosis type 1

Question 9

NF2

Answer 9

Merlin (schwannomin) protien
Neurofibromatosis type 2

Question 10

PTEN

Answer 10

Negative regulator of PI3k/AKT pathway
Prostate, breast, and endometrial cancers

Question 11

RB1

Answer 11

Inhibits EF2, blocks G1 to S phase transition
Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

Question 12

TP53

Answer 12

P53, activates p21, blocks G1 to S phase transition
Most cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome (sarcoma, breast, brain, lung, leukemia, adrenal gland)

Question 13

TSC1

Answer 13

Hamartin protein
Tuberous sclerosis

Question 14

TSC2

Answer 14

Tuberin protein
Tuberous sclerosis

Question 15

VHL

Answer 15

Inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1a
Von Hippel-Lindau disease

Question 16

WT1

Answer 16

Urogenital development transcription factor
Wilms Tumor