Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CC2 LAB > Tumor Markers > Flashcards

Tumor Markers Flashcards

1
Q

ONCOFETAL ANITGENS (2)

A

1) Alpha-Feto Protein
2) Carcinoembryonic Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alpha-Feto prtoein is synthesized by?

A

Hepatocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Helps diagnose and guide the treatment of
Liver cancer

A

Alpha-Feto protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Increased in acute and chronic hepatitis

A

Alpha-Feto protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Also increased in testicular cancers & rare
types of ovarian cancer, Choriocarcinoma

A

Alpha-Feto protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indication of Hepatic Cancer

A

> 350 ng/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

GI tract & pancreas in fetal development

A

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diagnosis/Screen COLORECTAL CANCER

A

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Marker of GIT CANCER

A

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Increased in heavy smokers

A

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ENZYMES (4)

A

1) Prostate Specific Antigen
2) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
3) Neuron specific Enolase (NSE)
4) Alkaline phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

highly specific for prostate
cancer

A

Prostate Specific Antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Used to test prostatic cancer
Also for multiple myeloma & lung cancer

A

Prostatic acid phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which is better, PAP or PSA?

A

PSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Found in all prostate cells

A

Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

unlikely

A

<4ng/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

gray zone

A

4-10ng/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

most likely

A

> 10ng/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Enzyme found in testes

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Marker: Testicular Cancer & other germ cell tumors

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Used to monitor treatment effect and to watch for recurrence of disease

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Marker: NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS

A

Neuron specific Enolase (NSE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

For follow up of patients with small cell lung cancer or neuroblastoma

A

Neuron specific Enolase (NSE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Abnormal levels of NSE

A

> 9 ug/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Metastatic Cancer of bone, Hepatocellular cancer, Osteosarcoma, Lymphoma, Leukemia

A

Alkaline phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CANCER ANTIGENS (6)

A

1) CA 15-3
2) CA 125
3) CA 19-9
4) CA 27.29
5) CA 72-4
6) CA 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

used for Breast Cancer

A

CA 15-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Also elevated in other cancers: Lung, Ovarian,
benign breast conditions

A

CA 15-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

NV of CA 15-3

A

<30u/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Method used for cancer antigens

A

Immunoassay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

LDH common for healthy individual

A

LDH 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

LDH for infected individual/disorders

A

LDH 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Specimen used for prostatic acid phosphatase

A

Seminal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

standard marker = Epithelial Ovarian cancer

A

CA 125

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Found in most serious endometrioid and clear
carcinomas of the ovary

A

CA 125

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Disadvantage of CA 125

A

can be missed in early stage

37
Q

NV of CA 125

A

<35u/ml

38
Q

Cancer antigen for colorectal cancer

A

CA 19-9

39
Q
  • Now used to detect pancreatic cancer
  • High in advanced stage & also in some conditions
A

CA 19-9

40
Q

NV of CA 19-9

A

<37u/mL

41
Q

use to follow patients with breast cancer during or after treatment

A

CA 27.29

42
Q

CA 27.29 have same measurement with

A

CA 15-3

43
Q

NV of CA 27.29

A

<40u/ml

44
Q

(new)– ovarian & pancreatic cancer

A

CA 72-4

45
Q

CA also stomach cancer

A

CA 72-4

46
Q

gastric & pancreatic cancer (recurrence & treatment)

A

CA 50

47
Q

Hormone: medullary-thyroid Carcinoma

A

Calcitonin

48
Q

Calcitonin is produced by

A

parafollicular cells of thyroid

49
Q

medullary thyroid carcinoma (values)

A

> 100pg/ml

50
Q

NV of Calcitonin

A

5-12pg/ml

51
Q

Hormone: posterior pituitary tumors

A

ADH

52
Q

made by neuroendocrine tumors
Most sensitive for carcinoid tumors

A

Chromogranin A

53
Q

Chromogranin A NV

A

<50ng/ml

54
Q

Hormone: Pituitary adenoma

A

Growth Hormone

55
Q

Insulin secreting tumors

A

C-peptide

56
Q

C-peptide is measured by

A

ELISA

57
Q

Another hormone for Pituitary Adenoma

A

Prolactin

58
Q

Hormone: recurrent thyroid cancer

A

Thyroglobulin

59
Q

Protein made by thyroid gland

A

Thyroglobulin

60
Q

Successfully treated patients should have

A

undetectable levels in serum

61
Q

Thyroglobulin can be measured by

A

Double antibody RIA, ELISA, Immunoradiometric assay

62
Q

Hormone: Neuroblastoma, Pheochromocytoma,
Paranganglionoma

A

Catecholamines

63
Q

Hormone: Adrenal tumors

A

Cortisol

64
Q

3 hormones: Pituitary adenoma

A
  1. Growth hormone
  2. Prolactin
  3. Parathyroid hormone
65
Q

Hormone: Carcinoid tumors

A

Serotonin

66
Q

Serotonin is measured by

A

HPLC

67
Q

blood proteins made by immune system

A

Immunoglobulins

68
Q

Bone Marrow Cancer = multiple myeloma,
Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia

A

Immunoglobulins

69
Q

elevated in some testicular and Ovarian cancer
Choriocarcinoma
Increase in some mediastinal germ cell tumors

A

Beta-human Chorionic gonadotropin

70
Q

protein found on most melanoma cells

A

S-100

71
Q

increased levels of S-100 =

A

metastatic melanoma

72
Q

Used to look on melanoma spread before, during and after treatment

A

S-100

73
Q

increase in Multiple myeloma, CLL, some lymphomas
Also increase in Kidney disease, hepatitis

A

Beta 2 Microglobulin

74
Q

NV of Beta 2 Microglobulin

A

<2.5mg/L

75
Q

protein found on nucleus of cells

A

Nuclear matrix protein

76
Q

Increased level of Nuclear matrix protein (>10u/ml) =

A

Bladder cancer

77
Q

– protein on outer melanoma cells
- Used to look for spread of melanoma

A

TA-90

78
Q

Found in urine with Bladder cancer
Reported as = (+) or (-)
Checked along with NMP for recurrence

A

Bladder Tumor Antigen (BTA)

79
Q

Breast cancer tumor (receptors)

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

80
Q

Receptor found on cells and helps them grow

A

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)

81
Q

EGFR is also known as

A

HER 1

82
Q

Used to asses growth of cancer cells (RECEPTOR)

A

EGFR

83
Q

EGFR is reported as

A

%

84
Q

Increase in Breast cancers, Stomach cancer (receptor)

A

HER 2

85
Q

Sample used for HER 2

A

tumor

86
Q
  • Gene used in assessing colorectal cancer
  • Used as guide on treatment of colorectal cancer
A

V-ki-ras2 / Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)

87
Q

an abnormal gene

A

BCR-ABL

88
Q

Marker for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

A

BCR-ABL

89
Q

Method used for BCR-ABL

A

PCR

CC2 LAB (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions